Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
University of Mississippi, University Park, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2022 Aug;48(8):1284-1297. doi: 10.1177/01461672211027473. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
We examined how the attribution of criminal behavior to an individual's "true" self influences justice preferences. In Study 1 ( = 521), the extent to which undergraduates attributed a crime to a target's true self positively predicted their endorsement of a retributive form of punishment and negatively predicted their endorsement of a restorative form of punishment. Study 2 ( = 404) was preregistered and replicated these associations, even when controlling for other perceived causes (e.g., personality, environment). In Study 3 ( = 282), undergraduates rated retributive punishment more favorably and restorative punishment less favorably when induced to think that the crime was (vs. was not) reflective of the target's true self. Study 4 ( = 935) was preregistered and replicated these experimental effects across different types of crime vignettes in an online sample. These results highlight the ways that intuitions about "true" selves shape punishment preferences.
我们研究了将犯罪行为归因于个人的“真实”自我如何影响正义偏好。在研究 1（n=521）中，大学生将犯罪归因于目标的真实自我的程度，正向预测了他们对报复性惩罚形式的支持，负向预测了他们对恢复性惩罚形式的支持。研究 2（n=404）是预先注册并复制了这些关联的，即使在控制了其他感知到的原因（例如，个性、环境）之后也是如此。在研究 3（n=282）中，当大学生被诱导认为犯罪（与不是）反映了目标的真实自我时，他们对报复性惩罚的评价更有利，而对恢复性惩罚的评价则不那么有利。研究 4（n=935）在一个在线样本中预先注册并复制了这些实验效应，跨越了不同类型的犯罪情景。这些结果强调了关于“真实”自我的直觉如何塑造惩罚偏好。
