Update on guidelines for the treatment of COPD in Taiwan using evidence and GRADE system-based recommendations.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has significant contributions to morbidity and mortality world-wide. Early symptoms of COPD are not readily distinguishable, resulting in a low rate of diagnosis and intervention. Different guidelines and recommendatations for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD exist globally. The first edition of clinical practice guidelines for COPD was published in 2016 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan in collaboration with the Taiwan evidence-based medicine association and Cochrane Taiwan, and was revised in 2019 in order to update recent diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for COPD and its acute exacerbation. This revised guideline covered a range of topics highlighted in the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report, including strategies for the diagnosis, assessment, monitoring, and management of stable COPD and exacerbations, with particular focus on evidence from Taiwan. The recommendations included in the revised guideline were formed based on a comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis of specific clinical issues identified by an expert panel that surveyed relevant scientific evidence in the literature and guidelines published by the clinical communities and organizations nationally and internationally. The guidelines and recommendations are applicable to the clinical settings in Taiwan. We expect this revised guideline to facilitate the diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with COPD by physicians and health care professionals in Taiwan. Adaptations of the materials included herein for educational and training purposes is encouraged.