Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA; Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA.
Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160 USA.
Disabil Health J. 2021 Oct;14(4):101155. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2021.101155. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
Adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and overweight or obesity (OW/OB) are a nutritionally vulnerable group with increased risk of nutritional deficiencies. However, there are limited data examining micronutrient intake in adolescents with IDD and OW/OB.
The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of calcium, iron, fiber, and sodium intake referenced against the United States Dietary Reference Intakes in adolescents with IDD and OW/OB.
Three-day image-assisted food records were used to assess dietary intake of 64 adolescents with IDD and OW/OB. A mean ± standard deviation was calculated for mean intake of calcium (mg), fiber (g/1000 kcals energy), iron (mg), and sodium (mg).
A total of 157 nutrient intake observations were completed by 64 participants (56% female, 16.3 ± 2.3 years). Calcium intake for participants ages 14-18 years (n = 57) was 1027.4 ± 607.5 mg, which is below the EAR of 1050 mg. Calcium intake for participants ages ≥19 years (n = 7) was 921.1 ± 596.4 mg, which is greater than the EAR of 840 mg. Fiber intake was 8.4 ± 3.6 g/1000 kcals, which is below the AI of 14 g/1000 kcals. Iron intake for all participants exceeded their respective EARs. Sodium intake was 3180.9 ± 975.9 mg, which above the AI of 2300 mg.
Calcium intake was adequate for participants ≥19 years of age, but inadequate for participants 14-18 years. For all participants, iron and sodium intake exceeded the DRI while fiber intake was below the DRI.
患有智力和发育障碍（IDD）且超重或肥胖（OW/OB）的青少年是营养脆弱群体，存在营养缺乏的风险增加。然而，目前关于患有 IDD 和 OW/OB 的青少年微量营养素摄入量的数据有限。
本研究旨在评估美国饮食参考摄入量（DRI）中钙、铁、纤维和钠的摄入量在患有 IDD 和 OW/OB 的青少年中的充足程度。
使用为期 3 天的图像辅助食物记录来评估 64 名患有 IDD 和 OW/OB 的青少年的饮食摄入量。计算钙（mg）、纤维（g/1000 千卡能量）、铁（mg）和钠（mg）的平均摄入量±标准偏差。
共有 64 名参与者（56%为女性，年龄 16.3±2.3 岁）完成了 157 项营养素摄入量观察。14-18 岁参与者（n=57）的钙摄入量为 1027.4±607.5mg，低于 1050mg 的 EAR。≥19 岁参与者（n=7）的钙摄入量为 921.1±596.4mg，高于 840mg 的 EAR。纤维摄入量为 8.4±3.6g/1000 千卡，低于 14g/1000 千卡的 AI。所有参与者的铁摄入量均超过其各自的 EAR。钠摄入量为 3180.9±975.9mg，高于 2300mg 的 AI。
对于≥19 岁的参与者，钙摄入量充足，但 14-18 岁的参与者钙摄入量不足。对于所有参与者，铁和钠的摄入量均超过 DRI，而纤维的摄入量低于 DRI。
