Lian Jayson, Sewani Faraz, Dayan Isaac, Voleti Pramod B, Gonzalez David, Levy I Martin, Musahl Volker, Allen Answorth
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2022 Apr;50(5):1416-1429. doi: 10.1177/03635465211014506. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
Numerous studies have reported the incidence and outcomes of injuries in the men's and women's National Basketball Association (NBA and WNBA, respectively).
To synthesize published data regarding the incidence and outcomes of all injuries in the NBA and WNBA in a comprehensive review.
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we searched 3 electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase) for studies of all levels of evidence since 1990 pertaining to injuries sustained by active players in the NBA and WNBA. Studies were excluded if the cohort of interest included ≤3 active players.
The initial search of the 3 databases yielded 1253 unique studies, of which 49 met final inclusion criteria for this review. Only 4 studies included athletes in the WNBA. Based on the mean annual incidence, the 5 most common orthopaedic sports injuries sustained in the NBA were concussions (9.5-14.9 per year), fractures of the hand (3.5-5.5 per year), lower extremity stress fractures (4.8 per year), meniscal tears (2.3-3.3 per year), and anterior cruciate ligament tears (1.5-2.6 per year). Cartilage defects treated using microfracture, Achilles tendon ruptures, and anterior cruciate ligament injuries were 3 injuries that led to significant reductions in performance measurements after injury.
With advances in sports technology and statistical analysis, there is rapidly growing interest in injuries among professional basketball athletes. High-quality prospective studies are needed to understand the prevalence and effect of injuries on player performance and career length. This information can inform preventative and treatment measures taken by health care providers to protect players and guide safe return to play at a high level.
众多研究报告了美国男子职业篮球联赛（NBA）和女子职业篮球联赛（WNBA）中球员受伤的发生率及后果。
通过全面综述，综合已发表的有关NBA和WNBA所有伤病的发生率及后果的数据。
系统综述；证据等级为4级。
遵循PRISMA（系统评价与Meta分析优先报告条目）指南，我们检索了3个电子数据库（PubMed、MEDLINE、Embase），以查找自1990年以来关于NBA和WNBA现役球员受伤情况的各级证据的研究。如果感兴趣的队列中现役球员≤3名，则排除该研究。
对这3个数据库的初步检索产生了1253项独特的研究，其中49项符合本综述的最终纳入标准。只有4项研究纳入了WNBA的运动员。基于年平均发生率，NBA中最常见的5种骨科运动损伤为脑震荡（每年9.5 - 14.9例）、手部骨折（每年3.5 - 5.5例）、下肢应力性骨折（每年4.8例）、半月板撕裂（每年2.3 - 3.3例）和前交叉韧带撕裂（每年1.5 - 2.6例）。采用微骨折治疗的软骨缺损、跟腱断裂和前交叉韧带损伤是3种导致受伤后运动表现显著下降的损伤。
随着运动技术和统计分析的进步，职业篮球运动员的伤病问题越来越受到关注。需要高质量的前瞻性研究来了解伤病的发生率及其对球员表现和职业生涯长度的影响。这些信息可为医疗保健提供者采取的预防和治疗措施提供依据，以保护球员并指导他们安全地高水平重返赛场。
