Moria Medical Support (MMS), Windroosplein 68b, 1018 ZW, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Centro de Epidemiología y Políticas de Salud, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Av. Las Condes 12, 438, Lo Barnechea, Chile.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jul 2;21(1):1290. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11301-x.
Ever since the implementation of the EU-Turkey deal, most refugees that enter Greece via sea are confined to the island on which they arrive until their asylum claims are adjudicated, where they generally reside in camps. Some of these camps have detention-like characteristics and dire living conditions, such as Moria camp on the island of Lesbos, Greece. Aid-organizations have stated that the situation in camp Moria deteriorates the mental health of its inhabitants and there is qualitative evidence to support this. This study explores the quantitative relationship between the incidence of acute mental health crises and the length of stay in the camp.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using routinely collected data on 856 consultations of 634 different patients during 90 nights at an emergency clinic in Moria camp. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore whether the length of stay in the camp was predictive of the occurrence of an acute mental health crisis.
Of the 634 patients, the majority were men (59·3%), the average age was 23·2 years [0-71], and 24·3% was < 18 years. 25·5% (n = 218) of consultations were related to mental health problems; 17·0% (n = 37) of these met the study's case definition of an acute mental health crisis. Such crises were positively associated with the length of stay in the camp (p = 0·011); the odds ratio of a mental health crisis increases with 1·03 for every 10% increase in days of residence in the camp. This is notable when considering the average length of stay in the camp is 71 days.
This study offers quantitative support for the notion that the adverse conditions in Moria camp deteriorate the mental health of its inhabitants as suggested in qualitative research. Although this study does not provide evidence of causality, it is likely that the poor and unsafe living conditions, challenging refugee determination procedures, and a lack of mental health services in the camp are significant contributing factors. We urgently call for Europe's policymakers to honour the '51 Geneva refugee convention and terminate the neglectful situation on the Greek archipelago.
自欧盟-土耳其协议实施以来，大多数通过海路进入希腊的难民都被限制在他们抵达的岛屿上，直到他们的庇护申请得到裁决，他们通常在难民营中居住。这些难民营中的一些具有类似拘留的特征和恶劣的生活条件，例如希腊莱斯博斯岛上的莫里亚营地。援助组织表示，莫里亚营地的情况恶化了居民的心理健康，有证据支持这一点。本研究探讨了急性心理健康危机的发生率与营地停留时间之间的定量关系。
使用在莫里亚营地的一个急诊诊所的 90 个晚上收集的 856 次咨询的常规数据进行横断面研究。使用逻辑回归分析来探讨营地停留时间是否可预测急性心理健康危机的发生。
在 634 名患者中，大多数是男性（59.3%），平均年龄为 23.2 岁[0-71]，24.3%年龄小于 18 岁。25.5%（n=218）的咨询与心理健康问题有关；17.0%（n=37）符合研究中急性心理健康危机的病例定义。这种危机与营地停留时间呈正相关（p=0.011）；营地居住天数每增加 10%，心理健康危机的几率增加 1.03。考虑到营地的平均停留时间为 71 天，这一点值得注意。
本研究提供了定量支持，证明了莫里亚营地的恶劣条件恶化了营地居民的心理健康，正如定性研究所表明的那样。尽管本研究没有提供因果关系的证据，但营地中恶劣和不安全的生活条件、具有挑战性的难民身份确定程序以及缺乏心理健康服务很可能是重要的促成因素。我们紧急呼吁欧洲政策制定者尊重《日内瓦难民公约》第 51 条，并终止希腊群岛上被忽视的局面。
