UNHCR Camp Lesbos Greece, St. Elizabeth University, Namestie, 1 Maja 1, 81000 Bratislava, Slovakia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, Gold Coast, Australia.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2024 Feb 23;46(1):41-50. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad212.
Infectious diseases remain a major risk for refugees living in camps. Limited research has been undertaken into the burden and impact of infections in the current refugee crisis around the Mediterranean.This analysis examines the frequency and incidence rates of common infections, and use of antibiotics at a healthcare facility inside Moria refugee camp on the island of Lesvos, Greece, during the winter and summer seasons of 2019.
This is a retrospective analysis of routinely, prospectively collected service data from the main acute healthcare facility inside Moria camp.
Of a total of 9601 consultations, 25.16% were for infections (winter: 31.53%, summer: 19.45%). Respiratory, skin and gastrointestinal infections were the most frequent, with incidence rates up to 3.5 times, 50 times and twice as high as those in Western Europe, respectively. Antibiotic prescribing was high (27.7% of all respiratory infections) with high use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (40.2%), raising concerns about induction of antimicrobial resistance.
The burden of infectious diseases in refugee camps remains high throughout all seasons. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes should be adapted to refugee camp settings to prevent the development of unnecessary antimicrobial resistance. Improving living conditions and access to healthcare in refugee camps is likely to reduce infection rates and antimicrobial resistance among refugees.
传染病仍然是居住在难民营中的难民面临的主要风险。地中海地区当前难民危机中传染病的负担和影响所进行的研究有限。本分析检查了在希腊莱斯沃斯岛上的莫里亚难民营内的一个医疗保健设施中，冬季和夏季常见感染的频率和发病率，以及抗生素的使用情况。
这是对莫里亚营地内主要急性保健设施中常规、前瞻性收集的服务数据的回顾性分析。
在总共 9601 次就诊中，25.16%是感染（冬季：31.53%，夏季：19.45%）。呼吸道、皮肤和胃肠道感染最为常见，其发病率分别高达西欧的 3.5 倍、50 倍和 2 倍。抗生素的使用量很高（所有呼吸道感染的 27.7%），广谱抗生素的使用量很高（40.2%），这引发了对抗微生物药物耐药性产生的担忧。
整个季节难民营中传染病的负担仍然很高。应根据难民营的情况调整抗菌药物管理方案，以防止不必要的抗微生物药物耐药性的产生。改善难民营的生活条件和获得医疗保健的机会可能会降低难民中的感染率和抗微生物药物耐药性。
