ETH Zürich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
ETH Zürich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Faculty of Life Science, Basel, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2021 Oct;64:98-105. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.05.012. Epub 2021 Jun 30.
Engineered cell-based therapies have emerged as a new paradigm in modern medicine, with several engineered T cell therapies currently approved to treat blood cancers and many more in clinical development. Tremendous progress in synthetic biology over the past two decades has allowed us to program cells with sophisticated sense-and-response modules that can effectively control therapeutic functions. In this review, we highlight recent advances in mammalian synthetic gene switches, focusing on devices designed for therapeutic applications. Although many gene switches responding to endogenous or exogenous molecular signals have been developed, the focus is shifting towards achieving remote-controlled production of therapeutic effectors by stimulating implanted engineered cells with traceless physical signals, such as light, electrical signals, magnetic fields, heat or ultrasound.
工程细胞疗法已成为现代医学的新模式，目前有几种工程 T 细胞疗法被批准用于治疗血液癌症，还有许多正在临床开发中。过去二十年合成生物学的巨大进步使我们能够用复杂的感知-反应模块对细胞进行编程，从而有效地控制治疗功能。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了哺乳动物合成基因开关的最新进展，主要关注用于治疗应用的器件。尽管已经开发出许多响应内源性或外源性分子信号的基因开关，但重点正转向通过使用无痕迹的物理信号（如光、电信号、磁场、热或超声波）刺激植入的工程细胞来实现对治疗效应器的远程控制。
