Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA.
Prev Med. 2021 Oct;151:106559. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106559. Epub 2021 Jun 30.
Women from racial and ethnic minority groups face a disproportionate burden of cervical and breast cancers in the United States. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic might exacerbate these disparities as supply and demand for screening services are reduced. The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) provides cancer screening services to women with low income and inadequate health insurance. We examined COVID-19's impact on NBCCEDP screening services during January-June 2020. We found the total number of NBCCEDP-funded breast and cervical cancer screening tests declined by 87% and 84%, respectively, during April 2020 compared with the previous 5-year averages for that month. The extent of declines varied by geography, race/ethnicity, and rurality. In April 2020, screening test volume declined most severely in Health and Human Services Region 2 - New York (96% for breast, 95% for cervical cancer screening) compared to the previous 5-year averages. The greatest declines were among American Indian/Alaskan Native women for breast cancer screening (98%) and Asian Pacific Islander women for cervical cancer screening (92%). Test volume began to recover in May and, by June 2020, NBCCEDP breast and cervical cancer screening test volume was 39% and 40% below the 5-year average for that month, respectively. However, breast cancer screening remained over 50% below the 5-year average among women in rural areas. NBCCEDP programs reported assisting health care providers resume screening.
美国的少数族裔女性面临着不成比例的宫颈癌和乳腺癌负担。随着供需的减少，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行可能会加剧这些差异。国家乳腺癌和宫颈癌早期检测计划（NBCCEDP）为低收入和医疗保险不足的妇女提供癌症筛查服务。我们研究了 COVID-19 对 2020 年 1 月至 6 月期间 NBCCEDP 筛查服务的影响。我们发现，与前五年同月的平均值相比，2020 年 4 月，NBCCEDP 资助的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查测试总数分别下降了 87%和 84%。下降的程度因地理位置、种族/族裔和农村程度而异。在 2020 年 4 月，与前五年同月的平均值相比，卫生和公共服务部 2 区-纽约（乳腺癌为 96%，宫颈癌筛查为 95%）的筛查测试量下降幅度最大。在乳腺癌筛查中，降幅最大的是美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民女性（98%），在宫颈癌筛查中，降幅最大的是亚洲太平洋岛民女性（92%）。测试量从 5 月开始恢复，到 2020 年 6 月，NBCCEDP 的乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查测试量分别比该月的 5 年平均值低 39%和 40%。然而，农村地区妇女的乳腺癌筛查仍比 5 年平均值低 50%以上。NBCCEDP 项目报告称，协助医疗服务提供者恢复筛查。
