Tokyo Research Center, Kyushin Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Suginami 166-0012, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Chronobiology, Foundation for Advancement of International Science (FAIS), Tsukuba, 305-0821 Ibaraki, Japan.
Institute for Chronobiology, Foundation for Advancement of International Science (FAIS), Tsukuba, 305-0821 Ibaraki, Japan.
Gene. 2021 Oct 5;799:145811. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145811. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with motor symptoms linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. α-Synuclein is an aggregation-prone neural protein that plays a role in the pathogenesis of PD. In our previous paper, we found that saffron; the stigma of Crocus sativus Linné (Iridaceae), and its constituents (crocin and crocetin) suppressed aggregation of α-synuclein and promoted the dissociation of α-synuclein fibrils in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary saffron and its constituent, crocetin, in vivo on a fly PD model overexpressing several mutant α-synuclein in a tissue-specific manner. Saffron and crocetin significantly suppressed the decrease of climbing ability in the Drosophila overexpressing A30P (A30P fly PD model) or G51D (G51D fly PD model) mutated α-synuclein in neurons. Saffron and crocetin extended the life span in the G51D fly PD model. Saffron suppressed the rough-eyed phenotype and the dispersion of the size histogram of the ocular long axis in the eye of A30P fly PD model. Saffron had a cytoprotective effect on a human neuronal cell line with α-synuclein fibrils. These data showed that saffron and its constituent crocetin have protective effects on the progression of PD disease in animals in vivo and suggest that saffron and crocetin can be used to treat PD.
帕金森病（PD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其运动症状与大脑中多巴胺能神经元的丧失有关。α-突触核蛋白是一种易于聚集的神经蛋白，在 PD 的发病机制中起作用。在我们之前的论文中，我们发现藏红花；藏红花 Crocus sativus Linné（鸢尾科）的柱头及其成分（藏红花酸和西红花酸）抑制α-突触核蛋白的聚集，并促进α-突触核蛋白纤维的解离在体外。在这项研究中，我们研究了饮食藏红花及其成分西红花酸在体内对几种突变α-突触核蛋白在组织特异性方式下过度表达的果蝇 PD 模型的影响。藏红花和西红花显著抑制了神经元中过度表达 A30P（A30P 果蝇 PD 模型）或 G51D（G51D 果蝇 PD 模型）突变α-突触核蛋白的果蝇攀爬能力下降。藏红花延长了 G51D 果蝇 PD 模型的寿命。藏红花抑制了 A30P 果蝇 PD 模型的眼睛中粗眼表型和眼长轴大小分布直方图的离散。藏红花对携带α-突触核蛋白纤维的人神经元细胞系具有细胞保护作用。这些数据表明，藏红花及其成分西红花对体内动物 PD 疾病的进展具有保护作用，并表明藏红花和西红花可用于治疗 PD。
