Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390002, India.
Department of Lifescience, NIT Rourkela, Odisha-769008, India.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021 Oct 5;27(31):3389-3398. doi: 10.2174/1381612827666210705163807.
The rapid eruption of Coronavirus at the end of 2019 has caused global health crisis and significant loss to the economy and social well-being. This created a massive shortage of advanced health facilities with inadequate medicinal supply, further deteriorating human health conditions. On the basis of adverse effects of the ongoing pandemic, this review has been proposed to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of plant- based therapeutics, against SARS-CoV-2 (commonly called COVID-19) infection. It highlights the possible action of the mechanism of phytotherapeutic drugs against coronavirus inhibition, further validated by clinical trials on herbal formulas is reviewed. Though the experimental studies on COVID-19 treatment are limited, the undesirable side effects of herbal drugs and unidentified compounds cannot be ignored.
We have made an effort to study the prospective plant-derived bioactive entities and their effectiveness in the treatment of COVID-19 and also emphasize on safety and regulatory concerns of phytomedicines.
The methodology involves relevant studies on COVID-19 treatment based on herbal extracts and the purified bioactive metabolites. The e-literature survey has been done by downloading research articles available on PubMed (National Library of medicine), Elsevier, and Google scholar search engines. The keywords used are plant metabolites, natural bioactive, phytotherapeutic drugs, clinical trials, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus inhibitors and herbal extracts.
The review pays particular attention to the etiological study of the COVID-19 virus and its inhibition using medicinal plant metabolites as immunomodulatory agents. The application of valuable bioactives like phenolic compounds, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids in preparing herbal formula/drug has been focused on. The drug resistance of bioactive compounds and their side effects on human health were discussed for effective phytomedicine, thus, emphasizing the perspectives of phytotherapeutic drugs as a safe remedy to boost immunomodulatory functions and antiviral activity against COVID-19.
Altogether, the review presents the action mechanism of plant extracts rich in bioactive compounds and depicted potential antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. These plant bioactive compounds can serve as lead molecules to develop phytomedicine, ensuring all safety regulations in the clinical trials to treat or prevent COVID-19 viral infections.
2019 年底冠状病毒的迅速爆发导致了全球健康危机和经济社会福祉的重大损失。这导致先进的卫生设施严重短缺，药用供应不足，进一步恶化了人类的健康状况。基于当前大流行的不利影响，本综述旨在评估植物疗法对 SARS-CoV-2（通常称为 COVID-19）感染的抗病毒功效。它强调了植物药物抑制冠状病毒的可能作用机制，并通过对草药配方的临床试验进行了验证。尽管 COVID-19 治疗的实验研究有限，但草药药物的不良副作用和未识别的化合物不容忽视。
我们努力研究有前景的植物衍生生物活性实体及其在 COVID-19 治疗中的有效性，并强调植物药物的安全性和监管问题。
该方法涉及基于草药提取物和纯化的生物活性代谢物的 COVID-19 治疗相关研究。通过下载可在国家医学图书馆 PubMed、爱思唯尔和谷歌学术搜索引擎上获得的研究文章，进行电子文献调查。使用的关键词是植物代谢物、天然生物活性、植物疗法药物、临床试验、SARS-CoV-2、冠状病毒抑制剂和草药提取物。
本综述特别关注 COVID-19 病毒的病因学研究及其使用药用植物代谢物作为免疫调节剂的抑制作用。重点关注了酚类化合物、皂苷、生物碱、单宁、类黄酮和萜类化合物等有价值的生物活性物质在制备草药配方/药物中的应用。讨论了生物活性化合物的耐药性及其对人类健康的副作用，以开发有效的植物药物，从而强调了植物疗法药物作为增强免疫调节功能和抗病毒活性的安全疗法的观点，以对抗 COVID-19。
总的来说，该综述介绍了富含生物活性化合物的植物提取物的作用机制，并描述了其对 SARS-CoV-2 的潜在抗病毒活性。这些植物生物活性化合物可以作为开发植物药物的先导分子，确保在临床试验中满足所有安全性规定，以治疗或预防 COVID-19 病毒感染。
