Woelber Johan Peter, Lessing Constanze, Oesterreich Dietmar
Klinik für Zahnerhaltungskunde und Parodontologie, Department für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Deutschland.
Abteilung Versorgung und Qualität, Bundeszahnärztekammer, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Zahnärztekammern e. V., Chausseestraße 13, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2021 Aug;64(8):986-992. doi: 10.1007/s00103-021-03370-5. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
The concept of health literacy has received much attention in recent years. Essential approaches are the provision of health information, teaching through educational programs, and transfer via communication techniques. From a dental point of view, the individual discussion between patient and dentist is of particular importance ("talking dentistry").The aim of our article is to present the current state of knowledge on the relationship between oral health literacy and talking dentistry, to present existing concepts for teaching communicative competencies, and to identify the further need for action from the point of view of the German Dental Association. Several health psychology models emphasize a positive relationship between oral health literacy, oral health behavior, and oral health. Further determinants seem to be the patient's self-efficacy beliefs and the individual interaction with the dentist. Therefore, it seems purposeful to intervene in an occasion-related manner in the sense of talking dentistry. The personal conversation between dentist and patient can cover counselling, education, motivation, and practical guidance and can lead to participatory decision-making.Offers for learning and deepening communication techniques represent important aids for the practice. Some are presented in this article as examples. However, in order to establish talking dentistry on a broad level, more far-reaching offers and incentives are needed. Through our suggestions, we would like to show ways in which talking dentistry can be further promoted and consolidated as an integral part of dental care.
近年来,健康素养的概念备受关注。基本方法包括提供健康信息、通过教育项目进行教学以及通过沟通技巧进行传播。从牙科的角度来看,患者与牙医之间的个体讨论尤为重要(“口腔医学沟通”)。我们这篇文章的目的是介绍口腔健康素养与口腔医学沟通之间关系的当前知识状况,展示现有的培养沟通能力的概念,并从德国牙科协会的角度确定进一步的行动需求。几种健康心理学模型强调口腔健康素养、口腔健康行为和口腔健康之间的积极关系。其他决定性因素似乎是患者的自我效能信念以及与牙医的个体互动。因此,从口腔医学沟通的意义上讲,以与具体情况相关的方式进行干预似乎是有意义的。牙医与患者之间的个人对话可以涵盖咨询、教育、激励和实践指导,并可以导致参与式决策。提供学习和深化沟通技巧的机会是实践中的重要辅助手段。本文列举了一些示例。然而,为了在更广泛的层面上确立口腔医学沟通,需要更具深远意义的举措和激励措施。通过我们的建议,我们希望展示进一步促进和巩固口腔医学沟通作为牙科护理不可或缺一部分的方法。