Rijzaani Habib, Bayer Philipp E, Rouard Mathieu, Doležel Jaroslav, Batley Jacqueline, Edwards David
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Plant Genome. 2022 Mar;15(1):e20100. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.20100. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
Banana (Musaceae family) has a complex genetic history and includes a genus Musa with a variety of cultivated clones with edible fruits, Ensete species that are grown for their edible corm, and monospecific Musella whose generic status has been questioned. The most commonly exported banana cultivars belong to Cavendish, a subgroup of Musa triploid cultivars, which is under threat by fungal pathogens, though there are also related species M. balbisiana Colla (B genome), M. textilis Née (T genome), and M. schizocarpa N. W. Simmonds (S genome), along with hybrids of these genomes, which potentially host genes of agronomic interest. Here we present the first cross-genus pangenome of banana, which contains representatives of the Musa and Ensete genera. Clusters based on gene presence-absence variation (PAV) clearly separate Musa and Ensete, while Musa is split further based on species. These results present the first pangenome study across genus boundaries and identifies genes that differentiate between Musaceae species, information that may support breeding programs in these crops.
香蕉（芭蕉科）有着复杂的遗传历史，包括芭蕉属，该属有多种果实可食用的栽培克隆品种；象腿蕉属，其植株因可食用的球茎而种植；还有单种属的地涌金莲属，其分类地位一直受到质疑。最常出口的香蕉品种属于卡文迪什香蕉，它是三倍体芭蕉品种的一个亚组，目前正受到真菌病原体的威胁，不过还有相关物种野蕉（B基因组）、蕉麻（T基因组）和裂果芭蕉（S基因组），以及这些基因组的杂交品种，它们可能含有具有农艺价值的基因。在此，我们展示了首个跨属的香蕉泛基因组，其中包含芭蕉属和象腿蕉属的代表。基于基因存在-缺失变异（PAV）的聚类清晰地将芭蕉属和象腿蕉属区分开来，而芭蕉属则根据物种进一步细分。这些结果展示了首个跨属边界的泛基因组研究，并鉴定出区分芭蕉科物种的基因，这些信息可能会为这些作物的育种计划提供支持。
