Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital.
Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jul 9;100(27):e26394. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026394.
Immersive virtual reality (IVR)-based training is gaining ground as an educational tool in healthcare. When combined with well-established educational methods, IVR can potentially increase competency and autonomy in ultrasound (US)-guided peripheral venous cannulation.The aim of this study was to examine the impact of adding IVR training to a course in US-guided peripheral venous cannulation.
Medical students (n = 19) from the University of Southern Denmark with no former standardized US education were recruited to voluntarily participate in a pilot study, designed as a randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome was the proportion of successful peripheral venous cannulations on a phantom. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of surface punctures on the phantom and procedure time. Participants received e-learning on the basic US before randomization to either IVR (n = 10) or no further training (n = 9). The additional IVR training comprised 10 virtual scenarios for US-guided peripheral venous catheter (PVC) placement. Students were subsequently evaluated in peripheral venous cannulation by a blinded assessor.
The proportion of successful peripheral venous cannulations was significantly higher in the IVR group (P ≤ .001). The proportions of successful cannulations were significantly higher in the IVR group compared to the control group for the 1st and 2nd PVC (P = .011, P = .023), but not for the 3rd PVC (P = .087). Similar results were found for the proportion of surface punctures (1st: P ≤ .001, 2nd: P = .001, and 3rd: P = .114). No significant differences in procedure times were found between the groups.
This pilot study showed that adding an IVR-based training simulation to an existing e-learning curriculum significantly increased the learning efficacy of US-guided PVC placement for medical students.
沉浸式虚拟现实（IVR）为基础的培训在医疗保健领域作为一种教育工具越来越受欢迎。当与成熟的教育方法相结合时，IVR 可能会增加超声（US）引导下外周静脉置管的能力和自主性。本研究的目的是检验在 US 引导下外周静脉置管课程中加入 IVR 培训的效果。
来自丹麦南方大学的没有接受过标准化 US 教育的医学生被招募自愿参加一项试点研究，该研究设计为随机对照试验。主要结局是在模型上成功进行外周静脉穿刺的比例。次要结局包括在模型上的表面穿刺比例和程序时间。参与者在随机分组前接受了关于基本 US 的电子学习，分为 IVR 组（n=10）或不进行进一步培训（n=9）。额外的 IVR 培训包括 10 个用于 US 引导外周静脉导管（PVC）放置的虚拟场景。学生随后由盲法评估员进行外周静脉穿刺评估。
IVR 组的外周静脉穿刺成功率显著高于对照组（P≤.001）。IVR 组与对照组相比，第 1 次和第 2 次 PVC 的成功率显著更高（P=0.011，P=0.023），但第 3 次 PVC 无显著差异（P=0.087）。对于表面穿刺的比例，也得到了相似的结果（第 1 次：P≤.001，第 2 次：P=0.001，第 3 次：P=0.114）。两组之间的手术时间无显著差异。
这项试点研究表明，将基于 IVR 的培训模拟添加到现有的电子学习课程中，显著提高了医学生 US 引导下 PVC 放置的学习效果。
