Bailey Caroline, Shaw Jessica, Harris Abril
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA.
School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2023 Apr;24(2):454-467. doi: 10.1177/15248380211030239. Epub 2021 Jul 9.
Adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of sexual violence, higher than any other age-group. This is concerning as sexual violence can have detrimental effects on teens' personal and relational well-being, causing long-term consequences for the survivor. Still, adolescents are hesitant to report the assault or seek out services and resources. When an adolescent survivor does seek out services, they may interact with a provider who is a mandatory reporter. This scoping review sought to synthesize the current U.S.-based research on the role, challenges, and impact of mandatory reporting (MR) in the context of adolescent sexual assault. Database searches using key words related to MR, sexual assault, and adolescence identified 29 peer-reviewed articles. However, none of these articles reported on empirical investigations of the phenomenon of interest and instead consisted of case studies, commentaries, and position papers. The scoping review was expanded to provide a lay of the land of what we know about the intersection of adolescent sexual assault and MR. Results of the review indicate that though implemented broadly, MR policies vary between individuals, organizations, and states and have historically been challenging to implement due to this variation, conflicts with other laws, tension between these policies and providers' values, and other factors. Based on the available literature, the impact of MR in the context of adolescent sexual assault is unknown. There is a critical need for research and evaluation on the implementation and impact of MR policies, especially in the context of adolescents and sexual violence.
青少年遭受性暴力的比例高得惊人，高于其他任何年龄组。这令人担忧，因为性暴力会对青少年的个人和人际关系幸福产生有害影响，给幸存者带来长期后果。然而，青少年往往不愿报告性侵事件或寻求服务和资源。当青少年幸存者确实寻求服务时，他们可能会与作为强制报告人的提供者接触。这项范围审查旨在综合当前美国关于强制报告（MR）在青少年性侵犯背景下的作用、挑战和影响的研究。使用与强制报告、性侵犯和青少年相关的关键词进行数据库搜索，共识别出29篇同行评审文章。然而，这些文章均未报告对感兴趣现象的实证研究，而是由案例研究、评论和立场文件组成。范围审查得以扩展，以梳理我们对青少年性侵犯与强制报告交叉领域的了解情况。审查结果表明，尽管强制报告政策广泛实施，但在个人、组织和州之间存在差异，并且由于这种差异、与其他法律的冲突、这些政策与提供者价值观之间的紧张关系以及其他因素，历史上实施起来一直具有挑战性。根据现有文献，强制报告在青少年性侵犯背景下的影响尚不清楚。迫切需要对强制报告政策的实施和影响进行研究和评估，尤其是在青少年和性暴力的背景下。
