Dontukurthy Sujana, Tobias Joseph D
J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2021;26(5):445-454. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-26.5.445. Epub 2021 Jun 28.
Local anesthetic agents play a key role in the treatment and prevention of pain in children. Although generally safe and effective, as with any pharmacologic agent, adverse effects may occur with the administration of these medications. Systemic absorption or inadvertent systemic injection during bolus dosing or continuous infusion can result in local anesthetic systemic toxicity with life-threatening neurological and cardiac complications. The following article reviews the pharmacology of local anesthetic agents, outlines previous reports of systemic toxicity during regional anesthesia, and discusses prevention and treatment algorithms.
局部麻醉药在儿童疼痛的治疗和预防中起着关键作用。尽管通常安全有效，但与任何药物一样，使用这些药物时可能会出现不良反应。在推注给药或持续输注过程中，全身吸收或意外的全身注射可导致局部麻醉药全身毒性，并伴有危及生命的神经和心脏并发症。以下文章回顾了局部麻醉药的药理学，概述了区域麻醉期间全身毒性的既往报道，并讨论了预防和治疗方案。
