Guerrini Christi J, Schneider Sophie C, Guzick Andrew G, Amos Nwankwo Gifty N, Canfield Isabel, Fedson Savitri, Gutierrez Amanda M, Sheu Jessica C, Song Amber Y, Villagran Alexandra M, McGuire Amy L, Storch Eric A
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 22;12:642918. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642918. eCollection 2021.
The COVID-19 pandemic is taking a significant global toll on emotional well-being, but evidence of mental health impacts in the United States remains limited. In April 2020, we conducted an exploratory survey of U.S. residents to understand prevalence of and factors associated with psychological distress during the pandemic. Data collection was conducted using Qualtrics, an online survey platform, and U.S. adult respondents were recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. Among 1,366 respondents, 42% ( = 571) reported clinically significant anxiety and 38% ( = 519) reported clinically significant depression. Factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms included Hispanic/Latino ethnicity; younger age; lower income; employment as or living with a health care worker-first responder; caregiver status; SARS-CoV-2 infection status; decreased frequency of engagement in healthy behaviors; and changed frequency of engagement in unhealthy behaviors. That some of these factors are associated with elevated distress during the pandemic is not yet widely appreciated and might be useful in informing management of mental health care resources.
新冠疫情正在对全球民众的心理健康造成重大影响，但在美国，关于其对心理健康影响的证据仍然有限。2020年4月，我们对美国居民进行了一项探索性调查，以了解疫情期间心理困扰的患病率及其相关因素。数据收集通过在线调查平台Qualtrics进行，美国成年受访者通过亚马逊的Mechanical Turk平台招募。在1366名受访者中，42%（n = 571）报告有临床显著焦虑，38%（n = 519）报告有临床显著抑郁。与焦虑和抑郁症状相关的因素包括西班牙裔/拉丁裔种族；较年轻的年龄；较低的收入；作为医护人员/急救人员工作或与之同住；照顾者身份；感染新冠病毒的状况；健康行为参与频率降低；以及不健康行为参与频率改变。其中一些因素与疫情期间的高困扰有关，这一点尚未得到广泛认识，可能有助于为心理健康护理资源的管理提供参考。
