Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 9;14(1):27370. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76990-x.
Financial, material, and social assets are core drivers of access to salutary resources. However, there is a paucity of research about how non-income financial assets shape mental health. We explore the relation of financial assets with symptoms of depression and of anxiety using a nationally representative, longitudinal survey of U.S. adults fielded annually from 2020 to 2023 (n = 1,296 unique participants). We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the association of financial assets and financial stress separately and together with symptoms of depression (PHQ-9 > 9), anxiety (GAD-7 > 9), and their co-occurrence, controlling for demographic indicators and year fixed effects. We found, first, that adults with <$5,000 in accrued financial assets reported over two times the odds of positive screen for depression, anxiety, and co-occurring depression and anxiety, respectively, as adults with ≥$100,000 in financial assets. Second, when controlling for accrued financial assets, annual household income was not associated with symptoms of anxiety. Third, the gap in positive screen for depression between household financial assets groups stayed consistent and did not differ significantly over the study period. Annual income alone does not capture the influence of all financial assets on mental health.
财务、物质和社会资产是获得有益资源的核心驱动因素。然而，关于非收入金融资产如何影响心理健康的研究却很少。我们使用 2020 年至 2023 年期间每年对美国成年人进行的全国代表性纵向调查（1,296 名独特参与者），探讨金融资产与抑郁症状和焦虑症状之间的关系。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型分别估计金融资产和财务压力与抑郁症状（PHQ-9>9）、焦虑症状（GAD-7>9）及其共病的关联，并控制人口统计学指标和年度固定效应。我们发现，首先，与拥有≥$100,000 金融资产的成年人相比，拥有<$5,000 累计金融资产的成年人报告阳性抑郁、焦虑和共病抑郁和焦虑的几率分别高出两倍以上。其次，在控制累计金融资产后，家庭年收入与焦虑症状无关。第三，家庭金融资产群体之间的抑郁阳性筛查差距在整个研究期间保持一致，且没有显著差异。仅年收入并不能捕捉所有金融资产对心理健康的影响。
