Blaha T, Erler W, Burch D G
Research Institute for Bacterial Animal Diseases, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jena, German Democratic Republic.
Vet Rec. 1987 Oct 31;121(18):416-9. doi: 10.1136/vr.121.18.416.
In 1977 swine dysentery was made a notifiable disease in the German Democratic Republic, with the intention of eradicating it by the systematic treatment of clinically affected herds using intensive medication and hygiene control programmes. On individual farms the scheme appeared to be successful, but the national incidence of the disease did not decline, owing to the continuous presence of latently infected herds and the movement of carrier pigs to uninfected farms. In 1981 the scheme was re-appraised and a new scheme was introduced in one region where all the breeding herds were screened for the presence of Treponema hyodysenteriae; all positive herds were treated with either metronidazole or tylosin, and the movement of pigs into the region was controlled. This programme effectively eradicated the disease from the region and is being introduced to the rest of the country. Owing to concern about the safety of metronidazole and the development of resistance to tylosin, alternative antimicrobials were examined and tiamulin was selected to assess its suitability for inclusion in the programme. A 560 sow breeding herd and progeny were treated for five days with tiamulin at 10 mg/kg bodyweight. This was coupled with extensive cleaning, disinfection and rodent control programmes. The results of the trial showed that the clinical disease stopped in two days and that no further clinical signs were seen in the subsequent two-and-a-half years. Bacterial monitoring of faeces samples and colonic scrapings from dead pigs failed to identify viable T hyodysenteriae. There was a significant increase of 0.6 piglets weaned per litter and improvements in weaning weights and growth rates. It was concluded that tiamulin was suitable for inclusion in the swine dysentery eradication programme in the GDR.
1977年，猪痢疾在德意志民主共和国被列为应报告疾病，目的是通过对临床感染猪群进行系统治疗，采用强化药物治疗和卫生控制计划来根除该病。在个别农场，该计划似乎取得了成功，但由于潜伏感染猪群的持续存在以及带菌猪向未感染农场的移动，全国该病的发病率并未下降。1981年对该计划进行了重新评估，并在一个地区引入了新计划，对所有繁殖猪群进行猪痢疾密螺旋体检测；所有阳性猪群用甲硝唑或泰乐菌素治疗，同时控制猪进入该地区。该计划有效地在该地区根除了该病，并正在推广到该国其他地区。由于担心甲硝唑的安全性以及对泰乐菌素耐药性的产生，对替代抗菌药物进行了研究，选择了替米考星来评估其是否适合纳入该计划。一个拥有560头母猪的繁殖猪群及其后代用10毫克/千克体重的替米考星治疗了五天。同时实施了广泛的清洁、消毒和灭鼠计划。试验结果表明，临床疾病在两天内停止，在随后的两年半时间里未再出现临床症状。对死猪粪便样本和结肠刮片进行细菌监测，未发现活的猪痢疾密螺旋体。每窝断奶仔猪数量显著增加0.6头，断奶体重和生长速度也有所改善。得出的结论是，替米考星适合纳入民主德国的猪痢疾根除计划。
