Association of IL-6 & IL-1β (pro-inflammatory cytokines) and related biochemical indexes in newly diagnosed diabetics subjected to glucose tolerance test.

The study proposed to find out the association of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 & IL-1β) and related biochemical indexes in newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD) subjects as compared to healthy subjects. This clinical prospective research was done with collaboration of University of Karachi and Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology between November 2018 to May 2019. Demographics and anthropometric details were noted on predesigned questionnaire. Subjects were identified on the basis of Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Samples of blood at baseline were gained for IL-6 & IL-1β (pro-inflammatory cytokines) and related biochemical indexes. Total of 34 subjects were included both males 19 (55.9%) and females 15 (44.1%) having mean age 49.65±1.95 years. On the basis of OGTT, 17(50%) were healthy subjects and 17(50%) were NDD. Mean ± SE value of IL-1β was 208.56±23.53 in healthy subjects and 1510.47±494.16 in NDD subjects, while, IL-6 was 57.51±13.02 and 119.51±36.60, respectively. Non-significant correlation was observed between IL-6 and IL- 1β (r= 0.20, P=0.475) among healthy subjects. While, significant correlation was observed between IL- 6 and IL- 1β (r=0.774, P<0.0001) among NDD subjects. With increased levels of both IL-6 and IL-1β in NDD subjects only IL-1β showed significant correlation as compared to IL-6. In addition, significant correlation of IL-1β with various biochemical parameters as compared to IL-6 were also observed to be involved in progression from normoglycemia to type 2 DM.