Mansouri Sara, Safabakhsh Maryam, Forooshani Abbas Rahimi, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2021 Apr 17;12:36. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_379_18. eCollection 2021.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D and calcium supplement use, and association with serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D(25(OH)D) and demographic and socioeconomic variables in Iranian elderly.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in health centers of Tehran, capital of Iran.
A total of 600 men and women were recruited using a two-stage cluster sampling method from 60 health centers. Participant's inclusion criteria included enrolling older adults over 60 years old who able to answer questions. We used valid and reliable questionnaires to record dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium. Any dietary supplements which included vitamin D/calcium were recorded. 25(OH)D level was measured. Participants were categorized as supplement users if they had taken supplements during last month.
The mean age of participants was 67.16 ± 6.07 years. Vitamin D supplements were used more often by females (OR = 11.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.82-29.34), high educated subjects (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.45-8.44), participants who did more physical activities (OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.52-5.00), and subjects who took antiosteoporosis medications (OR = 6.90, 95% CI: 2.84‑16.78). Calcium supplements were used more often by females (OR = 13.05, 95% CI: 5.19-32.81), more physical activities participants (OR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.20-3.92), and antiosteoporosis users (OR = 8.31, 95% CI: 3.43-20.14). Significant positive associations were seen between 25(OH) D levels and osteoporosis ( = 0.020), vitamin D supplement use ( < 0.0001), and sun exposure ( = 0.093).
In this population of Tehranian adults, the prevalence of vitamin D and calcium supplement use may be attributed to educational level and underlying disease. Vitamin D supplementation, osteoporosis, and sun exposure were the strong predictors of vitamin D status.
本研究的目的是确定伊朗老年人中维生素D和钙补充剂的使用情况，以及与血清25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）、人口统计学和社会经济变量之间的关联。
本横断面研究在伊朗首都德黑兰的健康中心进行。
采用两阶段整群抽样方法，从60个健康中心招募了600名男性和女性。参与者的纳入标准包括招募60岁以上能够回答问题的老年人。我们使用有效且可靠的问卷来记录维生素D和钙的饮食摄入量。记录任何含有维生素D/钙的膳食补充剂。测量25(OH)D水平。如果参与者在过去一个月内服用过补充剂，则将其归类为补充剂使用者。
参与者的平均年龄为67.16±6.07岁。女性（OR=11.89，95%置信区间（CI）：4.82-29.34）、高学历受试者（OR=3.49，95%CI：1.45-8.44）、进行更多体育活动的参与者（OR=2.75，95%CI：1.52-5.00）以及服用抗骨质疏松药物的受试者（OR=6.90，95%CI：2.84-16.78）更常使用维生素D补充剂。女性（OR=13.05，95%CI：5.19-32.81）、进行更多体育活动的参与者（OR=2.17，95%CI：1.20-3.92）以及抗骨质疏松药物使用者（OR=8.31，95%CI：3.43-20.14）更常使用钙补充剂。25(OH)D水平与骨质疏松症（P=0.020）、维生素D补充剂使用（P<0.0001）和阳光照射（P=0.093）之间存在显著正相关。
在这群德黑兰成年人中，维生素D和钙补充剂的使用情况可能归因于教育水平和基础疾病。维生素D补充、骨质疏松症和阳光照射是维生素D状态的有力预测因素。
