Almukhlifi Yasir, Crowfoot Gary, Wilson Amanda, Hutton Alison
School of Nursing & Midwifery, Health and Medicine Department, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
J Clin Nurs. 2021 Jul 12. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15965.
Around 2 billion people globally were affected by natural disasters between 2008-2018. The World Health Organization requires countries and governments to have disaster plans and emergency health workers ready and prepared at all times.
To conduct an integrative review of literature of emergency healthcare workers' perceived preparedness for disaster management.
An integrative literature review using the PRISMA checklist guidelines was conducted to explore physicians, nurses, emergency medical services and allied medical professionals' preparedness for disasters. Literature was searched from 2005, published in the English language and from MEDLINE (PubMed), Google Scholar, EMBASE, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, ProQuest and CINAHL databases. Reviews, case reports, clinical audits, editorials and short communications were excluded. Studies were critically appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.
The initial search yielded 9589 articles. Twenty-seven articles were included following application of the eligibility criteria. Included studies were geographically diverse including North America, the Middle East and the Asia Pacific. Most studies (n = 24) assessed the knowledge of healthcare workers in general disasters. Studies using the Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool reported moderate disaster preparedness and knowledge, while studies using other instruments largely reported inadequate disaster preparedness and knowledge. Regional variations were recorded, with high-income countries' reporting a higher perceived preparedness for disasters than low-income countries.
The majority of the emergency healthcare workers appear to have inadequate disaster preparedness. Previous disaster experience and training improved disaster preparedness. Future research should focus on interventions to improve emergency healthcare workers preparedness for disasters.
2008年至2018年期间，全球约有20亿人受到自然灾害影响。世界卫生组织要求各国及政府随时制定灾难计划，并让应急医疗工作者做好准备。
对有关应急医疗工作者对灾难管理的感知准备情况的文献进行综合综述。
采用PRISMA清单指南进行综合文献综述，以探究医生、护士、紧急医疗服务人员及相关医疗专业人员对灾难的准备情况。检索了2005年以来以英文发表在MEDLINE（PubMed）、谷歌学术、EMBASE、PsycINFO、SCOPUS、ProQuest和CINAHL数据库中的文献。排除综述、病例报告、临床审计、社论和简短通讯。使用混合方法评估工具对研究进行严格评估。
初步检索得到9589篇文章。应用纳入标准后纳入了27篇文章。纳入的研究地域多样，包括北美、中东和亚太地区。大多数研究（n = 24）评估了医疗工作者在一般灾难方面的知识。使用灾难准备评估工具的研究报告称灾难准备和知识水平中等，而使用其他工具的研究大多报告灾难准备和知识不足。记录到了地区差异，高收入国家报告的对灾难的感知准备程度高于低收入国家。
大多数应急医疗工作者的灾难准备似乎不足。以往的灾难经历和培训提高了灾难准备水平。未来的研究应侧重于改善应急医疗工作者灾难准备的干预措施。
