Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Birjand, South Khorasan Province, Birjand, Iran.
College of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Oct 15;296:113169. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113169. Epub 2021 Jul 10.
To mitigate the negative effects of land use developments, the current study focused on the hydrological connectivity within the landscape ecological network of Gharesou watershed, Iran, using Graph theory. Thus, scenarios of the future land use arrangements were used for the objective assessment of the effects of patterns on the ecological structures and functions, the main target being runoff control. Hydrological connectivity was analyzed using runoff source network, stream network and its buffer zone. Also, functions like permeability and runoff production potential were analyzed for the future scenarios. Following the ranking of the connectivity significance of the hydrological graphs elements, the ecosystem services hotspots and incompatible land uses were demonstrated. Subsequent assessments of the elements of runoff source networks using Circuit Theory helped identify the future critical areas. Analyses of the hydrological graphs and the runoff source network represented the amount and location of critical areas in each development scenario as well as the imposed hydrological costs. The hydrological and ecological land use costs were used in the process of land use optimization through Simulating Annealing algorithm (SA). Using these costs in the land use planning process resulted in detecting areas which may experience disturbance later in future. Finally, the results of the optimization of scenarios showed how land use arrangements in each scenario can be optimized to simultaneously include the ecological suitability (vertical relationships) and the ecological network relationships (horizontal relationships).
为了减轻土地利用开发的负面影响，本研究使用图论聚焦于伊朗 Gharesou 流域景观生态网络内的水文连通性。因此，使用未来土地利用规划方案来客观评估格局对生态结构和功能的影响，主要目标是控制径流量。使用径流产源网络、河流网络及其缓冲区来分析水文连通性。此外，还分析了未来情景下的通透性和径流量产生潜力等功能。在对水文图元的连通性重要性进行排名后，展示了生态系统服务热点和不兼容的土地利用。随后使用电路理论对径流产源网络的元素进行评估，有助于确定未来的关键区域。对水文图和径流产源网络的分析代表了每个发展方案中关键区域的数量和位置，以及所施加的水文成本。水文和生态土地利用成本用于通过模拟退火算法（SA）进行土地利用优化。在土地利用规划过程中使用这些成本，可以检测到未来可能会受到干扰的区域。最后，方案优化的结果表明，如何优化每个方案中的土地利用安排，以同时包含生态适宜性（垂直关系）和生态网络关系（水平关系）。
