Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany
Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2022 Mar;107(2):188-192. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-321940. Epub 2021 Jul 13.
To assess incidence and burden of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections and to explore possible transmission routes.
A 2-year prospective nationwide surveillance study performed in 2017 and 2018. All German paediatric departments (n=464 in 2017, n=441 in 2018) were contacted on a monthly basis to report potential cases of neonatal HSV infections. Infants with a postnatal age of ≤60 days and a positive HSV PCR or HSV culture from skin, mucous membrane, vesicles or conjunctival smear, blood or cerebrospinal fluid were included in the study.
37 cases were analysed. 29 patients who exhibited no or only mild clinical symptoms were discharged home without organ damage or neurological abnormalities. Four patients showed significant neurological impairment, one patient required liver transplantation and two patients died during in-patient treatment. The 2-year incidence of neonatal HSV infections was 2.35 per 100 000 live births (95% CI 1.69 to 3.02) and disease-specific mortality was 0.13 per 100 000 live births (95% CI 0.04 to 0.21). Data on possible transmission routes were available in 23 cases. In 20 cases, an orofacial HSV infection was present in one or more family members. An active maternal genital HSV infection was reported in 3 cases.
Neonatal HSV infections are rare in Germany. Most infants have a benign clinical course, but some infants are severely affected. Postnatal HSV exposure may account for a considerable number of neonatal HSV infections.
评估新生儿单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）感染的发病率和负担，并探讨可能的传播途径。
这是一项在 2017 年和 2018 年进行的为期 2 年的全国前瞻性监测研究。每月与所有德国儿科病房（2017 年为 464 例，2018 年为 441 例）联系，报告潜在的新生儿 HSV 感染病例。将出生后年龄≤60 天且 HSV PCR 或 HSV 培养阳性的皮肤、黏膜、水疱或结膜拭子、血液或脑脊液的婴儿纳入研究。
分析了 37 例病例。29 例患者无或仅有轻微临床症状，出院时无器官损伤或神经异常。4 例患者出现明显的神经功能障碍，1 例患者需要进行肝移植，2 例患者在住院治疗期间死亡。新生儿 HSV 感染的 2 年发病率为 2.35/10 万活产儿（95%CI1.69 至 3.02），疾病特异性死亡率为 0.13/10 万活产儿（95%CI0.04 至 0.21）。在 23 例病例中，有关于可能的传播途径的数据。20 例病例中，1 个或多个家庭成员存在口腔或面部 HSV 感染。3 例报告存在活动性母体生殖器 HSV 感染。
德国新生儿 HSV 感染罕见。大多数婴儿有良性临床过程，但有些婴儿病情严重。产后 HSV 暴露可能导致相当数量的新生儿 HSV 感染。
