Perkhofer Lukas, Grünke Peter, Gashi-Ymeri Edonjeta, Grünke Teresa, Kroschel Joris, Michel Detlef, Pensel Elke, Rost Andreas, Denkinger Michael, Dallmeier Dhayana, Seufferlein Thomas
Klinik für Innere Medizin 1, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland.
Zentrale Einrichtung Klinische Chemie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2021 Aug;54(5):463-470. doi: 10.1007/s00391-021-01931-6. Epub 2021 Jul 14.
Care facilities are particularly challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic. Besides others this includes human and structural resources.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the occurrence of infections, psychosocial stress and the different strategies to handle the COVID-19 pandemic in care facilities.
Data collection took place in 7 care facilities in Baden-Württemberg, Germany between 17 July and 25 August 2020. This included a SARS-CoV‑2 PCR and antibody testing and a questionnaire for residents and staff. Care facilities were questioned on interventions and preventive measures taken.
Out of 829 SARS-CoV‑2 PCR tests all remained negative. Only 2 asymptomatic subjects had detectable SARS-CoV‑2 antibodies. All subjects (n = 6) with a history of positive PCR had no detectable antibodies. Healthcare workers were mainly worried about infecting family, friends and especially residents (54.4%) with less fear to infect themselves (27.2%). Individual stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic: 17.1% exhaustion, 16% financial burden and 13.1% sleeping disorders. Coping strategies included a moderate increase of harmful behavior (+3.3% alcohol, +4.3% nicotine). This was relevantly more important in staff aged under 35 years (+13% alcohol, +12.7% nicotine). Women reported a 2.4% increased use of medication, 49.8% of respondents reduced their social contacts, 76.8% changed their individual hygiene behavior. Care facilities felt prepared to a limited extent for the challenges faced by the pandemic.
Even with a low prevalence of infections at the time of the survey the COVID-19 pandemic challenged care facilities at multiple levels. This should result in better preventive management and coping strategies.
护理机构在应对新冠疫情时面临着特殊挑战。这其中包括人力和结构资源等诸多方面。
这项横断面研究评估了护理机构中感染的发生情况、社会心理压力以及应对新冠疫情的不同策略。
2020年7月17日至8月25日期间，在德国巴登 - 符腾堡州的7家护理机构进行了数据收集。这包括新冠病毒PCR检测和抗体检测，以及针对居民和工作人员的问卷调查。对护理机构采取的干预措施和预防措施进行了询问。
在829次新冠病毒PCR检测中，所有结果均为阴性。仅有2名无症状受试者检测出新冠病毒抗体。所有有PCR阳性病史的受试者（n = 6）均未检测到抗体。医护人员主要担心会将病毒传染给家人、朋友，尤其是居民（54.4%），而较少担心自己被感染（27.2%）。新冠疫情导致的个人压力包括：17.1%感到疲惫，16%面临经济负担，13.1%出现睡眠障碍。应对策略包括有害行为适度增加（饮酒增加3.3%，吸烟增加4.3%）。这在35岁以下的工作人员中更为明显（饮酒增加13%，吸烟增加12.7%）。女性报告用药量增加了2.4%，49.8%的受访者减少了社交接触，76.8%改变了个人卫生习惯。护理机构认为自己对疫情带来的挑战准备程度有限。
即使在调查时感染率较低，新冠疫情仍在多个层面给护理机构带来了挑战。这应促使形成更好的预防管理和应对策略。
