Department of Radiology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2021 Sep 1;131(3):977-985. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00108.2020. Epub 2021 Jul 15.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BCSFB), and CSF-brain barriers (CSFBB) are highly regulated barriers in the central nervous system comprising complex multicellular structures that separate nerves and glia from blood and CSF, respectively. Barrier damage has been implicated in the pathophysiology of diverse hypoxia-related neurological conditions, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, hydrocephalus, and high-altitude cerebral edema. Much is known about the damage to the BBB in response to hypoxia, but much less is known about the BCSFB and CSFBB. Yet, it is known that these other barriers are implicated in damage after hypoxia or inflammation. In the 1950s, it was shown that the rate of radionucleated human serum albumin passage from plasma to CSF was five times higher during hypoxic than normoxic conditions in dogs, due to BCSFB disruption. Severe hypoxia due to administration of the bacterial toxin lipopolysaccharide is associated with disruption of the CSFBB. This review discusses the anatomy of the BBB, BCSFB, and CSFBB and the impact of hypoxia and associated inflammation on the regulation of those barriers.
血脑屏障（BBB）、血脑脊液屏障（BCSFB）和脑脊液脑屏障（CSFBB）是中枢神经系统中高度调节的屏障，由复杂的多细胞结构组成，分别将神经和神经胶质与血液和脑脊液隔开。屏障损伤与多种与缺氧相关的神经疾病的病理生理学有关，包括中风、多发性硬化症、脑积水和高原脑水肿。人们对缺氧引起的 BBB 损伤了解很多，但对 BCSFB 和 CSFBB 了解甚少。然而，已知这些其他屏障在缺氧或炎症后也与损伤有关。20 世纪 50 年代，人们发现由于 BCSFB 破坏，在缺氧条件下，放射性核标记的人血清白蛋白从血浆向脑脊液中的转移速度是正常氧条件下的五倍。由于细菌毒素脂多糖的给药导致严重缺氧，与 CSFBB 的破坏有关。这篇综述讨论了 BBB、BCSFB 和 CSFBB 的解剖结构，以及缺氧和相关炎症对这些屏障调节的影响。
