University of California, San Diego.
University of California, San Diego.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Nov;29(11):1101-1116. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.05.026. Epub 2021 Jun 12.
The COVID-19 pandemic may profoundly harm the mental health and emotional well- being of many older adults. Public health interventions to minimize the spread of the virus have had the unintended consequences of worsening social isolation, financial stress, and unemployment. Results of early research efforts assessing the impact of these interventions on the mental health of older adults have been mixed. Available findings suggest that a subset of community-dwelling older adults have been less negatively impacted than younger adults, while people of color, the poor, residents of nursing homes and other communal living environments, and those living with dementia and their caregivers are more likely to suffer from COVID-related health problems. This manuscript describes two older adults for whom COVID-19 associated stresses caused significant worsening in their psychiatric illnesses, including the emergence of suicidal ideation, summarizes the literature on the impact of interactions between psychosocial stresses and biological factors on the mental health and well-being of older adults, and discusses interventions to help older adults whose mental health has worsened due to COVID-19. Timely and accurate diagnosis, prompt provision of individualized care using both pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions, adoption of new technologies that permit care to be provided safely at a distance and which allow for virtual social interactions, coupled with ongoing advocacy for policy changes that address significant health care disparities and provide older adults continued access to health care and relief from financial hardship, will help older adults remaining as healthy as possible during the pandemic.
新冠疫情可能会严重损害许多老年人的心理健康和情绪健康。为了最大程度地减少病毒传播而采取的公共卫生干预措施,带来了社交隔离、经济压力和失业加剧等意想不到的后果。早期评估这些干预措施对老年人心理健康影响的研究结果喜忧参半。现有研究结果表明,与年轻人相比,一部分居住在社区的老年人受影响较小,而少数族裔、贫困人口、疗养院和其他群居环境中的居民、以及患有痴呆症的患者及其护理人员,更有可能受到与新冠相关的健康问题的影响。本文介绍了两名因新冠相关压力而导致精神疾病明显恶化的老年人的病例,包括出现自杀意念。本文还总结了关于心理社会压力和生物因素相互作用对老年人心理健康和幸福感影响的文献,并讨论了为因新冠而心理健康恶化的老年人提供帮助的干预措施。及时准确的诊断、及时提供个体化的护理,包括药物和心理治疗干预措施、采用新技术,以便安全地进行远程护理和虚拟社交互动,同时倡导政策变革,解决重大的医疗保健差距问题,确保老年人继续获得医疗保健服务并减轻经济困难,这些措施将有助于老年人在疫情期间保持尽可能的健康。