Dodt Carolin, Pletz Mathias W, Kolditz Martin
Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Deutschland.
Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Krankenhaushygiene, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Deutschland.
Pneumologe (Berl). 2021;18(5):327-338. doi: 10.1007/s10405-021-00402-4. Epub 2021 Jul 12.
The key priority in patients with chronic lung diseases is currently immunization against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); all vaccines approved for this showed high effectiveness against severe infections. For patients with chronic pulmonary diseases the recommendations by the Standing Committee on Vaccination include not only the standard vaccinations in adulthood but also the so-called indication vaccinations. These include vaccinations against pneumococci and influenza. Advances include the recent development of new pneumococcal conjugate vaccines containing additional serotypes and the recommendation of a more effective high-dose vaccine against influenza for persons over 60 years old. With the next scheduled booster vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria a combination vaccine with pertussis antigen should be used. For patients with chronic lung disease the herpes zoster vaccine is recommended over the age of 50 years.
目前，慢性肺病患者的首要任务是接种针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的疫苗；所有获批用于此的疫苗对严重感染均显示出高效力。对于慢性肺病患者，疫苗接种常设委员会的建议不仅包括成人的标准疫苗接种，还包括所谓的适应症疫苗接种。这些包括针对肺炎球菌和流感的疫苗接种。进展包括最近开发出含有更多血清型的新型肺炎球菌结合疫苗，以及推荐为60岁以上人群使用更有效的高剂量流感疫苗。在下次计划接种破伤风和白喉加强疫苗时，应使用含有百日咳抗原的联合疫苗。对于慢性肺病患者，建议50岁以上接种带状疱疹疫苗。
