Martela Frank, Ryan Richard M
Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15500, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, 33 Berry Street, Level 9, North Sydney, NSW 2060 Australia.
Prev Med Rep. 2021 Jul 1;23:101474. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101474. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Human well-being is an important goal in both policy contexts and in health care, while also predicting various health-related outcomes. However, the proliferation of conceptions of well-being has become a major obstacle for the progress of a comparable and cumulative science of well-being, leading to a need to reach consensus on the key dimensions and indicators to be measured as part of human well-being. While attempts at consensus have been made, we see that the currently suggested dimensions need to be complemented by the inclusion of indicators for basic psychological needs, as need satisfaction is a crucial dimension of human wellness, flourishing, and more eudaimonic conceptions of well-being. In particular, we argue that the inclusion of the three psychological needs as proposed by Self-Determination Theory - autonomy, competence, and relatedness - would provide a parsimonious set of indicators of key elements of experienced well-being deeply rooted in human nature, and thus measuring them alongside other dimensions would offer a broader view of psychological wellness in policy and health care contexts.
人类福祉在政策背景和医疗保健中都是一个重要目标，同时它也能预测各种与健康相关的结果。然而，福祉概念的激增已成为可比且累积性的福祉科学发展的主要障碍，这就需要就作为人类福祉一部分进行测量的关键维度和指标达成共识。虽然已经有人尝试达成共识，但我们发现，目前所建议的维度需要通过纳入基本心理需求指标来加以补充，因为需求满足是人类健康、蓬勃发展以及更具幸福感的福祉概念的关键维度。特别是，我们认为纳入自我决定理论提出的三种心理需求——自主性、能力和关联性——将提供一组简洁的指标，用以衡量深深植根于人性的体验到的福祉的关键要素，因此，将它们与其他维度一起测量，将能在政策和医疗保健背景下更全面地了解心理健康状况。
