Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06124, Perugia, Italy.
Poult Sci. 2021 Sep;100(9):101297. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101297. Epub 2021 May 30.
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the kinetic behavior, carcass characteristics, oxidative status (blood and meat), and meat fatty acid profiles of 6 organically reared slower growing chicken genotypes (SrG). One hundred male chickens of 6 SrG were used: Ranger Classic (RC), Ranger Gold (RG), Rowan Ranger (RR), RedJA (RJ), CY Gen 5 JA87 (CY), and M22 × JA87 (M). Twenty chickens/genotype were selected to analyze behavior, while, 15 individuals were slaughtered and different traits were analyzed in the blood and drumstick meat. The variables were grouped into different principal components: kinetic activity (PC1, with explorative attitude as the highest score), productive performance (PC2, carcass and head/feet yields), blood (PC3, carbonyls, and TBARS) and meat (PC6, thiols, and TBARS) markers, technological traits (PC4, pH, and color), proximate meat composition (PCA5, moisture, lipids, protein, and ash), fatty acid profile, and nutritional indexes (PC7, IP, and PUFAn-3). Uni- and bivariate analyses showed a strong positive association between kinetic behaviors and blood and meat oxidation and a medium positive association with fatty acid profile and nutritional indexes, whereas a negative association was found between productive performance loads and the technological traits of meat. Generalized linear models showed that all PCs were influenced by genotype. In particular, CY and M resulted as less active genotypes; conversely, RR showed more kinetic activity, whereas RJ, RG, and RC exhibited intermediate levels of activity. Cluster analysis of kinetic behavior and blood or meat oxidative status highlighted 2 groups: nonwalking (NW: CY and M) and walking (W: RC, RG, RR, and RJ) animals. However, in the W group, another was visualized, constituted by genotypes with high kinetic activity resulting in the worst oxidative balance (Walking not trained-genotypes, Wnt: RR and RJ). The present results confirmed that the kinetic behavior of SrG genotypes is negatively correlated with productive performance. Furthermore, a significant association between kinetic behavior and blood (positively correlated) or meat (negatively correlated) oxidative status was noted. Such differences are mainly due to the intrinsic response of the genotypes used (i.e., training-walking capacity).
本研究旨在分析 6 种有机饲养慢生长鸡肉基因型（SrG）的动力学行为、胴体特征、氧化状态（血液和肌肉）和肉脂肪酸谱之间的关系。使用了 100 只雄性鸡：Ranger Classic（RC）、Ranger Gold（RG）、Rowan Ranger（RR）、RedJA（RJ）、CY Gen 5 JA87（CY）和 M22×JA87（M）。选择 20 只鸡/基因型来分析行为，而 15 只个体被屠宰并在血液和鸡腿肉中分析不同性状。变量被分为不同的主成分：动力学活动（PC1，以探索性态度为最高得分）、生产性能（PC2，胴体和头/脚产量）、血液（PC3，羰基和 TBARS）和肉（PC6，硫醇和 TBARS）标志物、技术性状（PC4，pH 和颜色）、肉的近似成分（PC5，水分、脂质、蛋白质和灰分）、脂肪酸谱和营养指数（PC7，IP 和 PUFAn-3）。单变量和双变量分析表明，动力学行为与血液和肌肉氧化之间存在强烈的正相关，与脂肪酸谱和营养指数之间存在中等正相关，而生产性能负荷与肉的技术性状之间存在负相关。广义线性模型表明，所有 PC 都受到基因型的影响。特别是，CY 和 M 是不活跃的基因型；相反，RR 表现出更多的动力学活动，而 RJ、RG 和 RC 表现出中等水平的活动。动力学行为和血液或肌肉氧化状态的聚类分析突出了 2 个组：非行走（NW：CY 和 M）和行走（W：RC、RG、RR 和 RJ）动物。然而，在 W 组中，还可以看到另一个由具有高动力学活性导致最差氧化平衡的基因型组成（Walking not trained-genotypes，Wnt：RR 和 RJ）。本研究结果证实，SrG 基因型的动力学行为与生产性能呈负相关。此外，还注意到动力学行为与血液（正相关）或肌肉（负相关）氧化状态之间存在显著相关性。这些差异主要归因于所使用基因型的内在反应（即，训练-行走能力）。
