Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata12, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London (KCL), Strand, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Jul 16;11(1):394. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01509-1.
Synaptic glycoprotein neuroplastin is involved in synaptic plasticity and complex molecular events underlying learning and memory. Studies in mice and rats suggest that neuroplastin is essential for cognition, as it is needed for long-term potentiation and associative memory formation. Recently, it was found that some of the effects of neuroplastin are related to regulation of calcium homeostasis through interactions with plasma membrane calcium ATPases. Neuroplastin is increasingly seen as a key factor in complex brain functions, but studies in humans remain scarce. Here we summarize present knowledge about neuroplastin in human tissues and argue its genetic association with cortical thickness, intelligence, schizophrenia, and autism; specific immunolocalization depicting hippocampal trisynaptic pathway; potential role in tissue compensatory response in neurodegeneration; and high, almost housekeeping, level of spatio-temporal gene expression in the human brain. We also propose that neuroplastin acts as a housekeeper of neuroplasticity, and that it may be considered as an important novel cognition-related molecule in humans. Several promising directions for future investigations are suggested, which may complete our understanding of neuroplastin actions in molecular basis of human cognition.
突触糖蛋白神经连蛋白参与突触可塑性和学习记忆的复杂分子事件。在小鼠和大鼠中的研究表明，神经连蛋白对于认知至关重要，因为它对于长时程增强和联想记忆的形成是必需的。最近发现，神经连蛋白的一些作用与通过与质膜钙 ATP 酶的相互作用来调节钙稳态有关。神经连蛋白越来越被视为复杂脑功能的关键因素，但人类的研究仍然很少。在这里，我们总结了神经连蛋白在人类组织中的现有知识，并认为其与皮质厚度、智力、精神分裂症和自闭症的遗传关联；描绘海马三突触通路的特定免疫定位；在神经退行性变中的组织代偿反应中的潜在作用；以及在人类大脑中具有高，几乎是管家，的时空基因表达水平。我们还提出，神经连蛋白作为神经可塑性的管家，它可以被认为是人类中一种重要的新的与认知相关的分子。建议了几个有前途的未来研究方向，这可能会完善我们对人类认知的分子基础上神经连蛋白作用的理解。
