De Paolis Veronica, Lorefice Elisa, Orecchini Elisa, Carissimi Claudia, Laudadio Ilaria, Fulci Valerio
Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jul 5;13(13):3372. doi: 10.3390/cancers13133372.
MicroRNAs are pervasive regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in metazoan, playing key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, these small non-coding RNAs are also involved in cancer development and progression. Furthermore, miRNAs represent valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in malignancies. In the last twenty years, the role of RNA modifications in fine-tuning gene expressions at several levels has been unraveled. All RNA species may undergo post-transcriptional modifications, collectively referred to as epitranscriptomic modifications, which, in many instances, affect RNA molecule properties. miRNAs are not an exception, in this respect, and they have been shown to undergo several post-transcriptional modifications. In this review, we will summarize the recent findings concerning miRNA epitranscriptomic modifications, focusing on their potential role in cancer development and progression.
微小RNA是后生动物转录后水平上基因表达的普遍调节因子，在多种生理和病理过程中发挥关键作用。因此，这些小的非编码RNA也参与癌症的发生和发展。此外，微小RNA是恶性肿瘤中有价值的诊断和预后生物标志物。在过去二十年中，RNA修饰在多个水平上微调基因表达的作用已被揭示。所有RNA种类都可能经历转录后修饰，统称为表观转录组修饰，在许多情况下，这些修饰会影响RNA分子的特性。在这方面，微小RNA也不例外，并且已证明它们会经历多种转录后修饰。在本综述中，我们将总结有关微小RNA表观转录组修饰的最新发现，重点关注它们在癌症发生和发展中的潜在作用。
