Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, (BIND), University Hospital Policlinico Paolo Giaccone of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Palermo, Italy.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2021 Sep;165(3):233-240. doi: 10.5507/bp.2021.042. Epub 2021 Jul 2.
The human gut microbiome encompasses inter alia, the myriad bacterial species that create the optimal host-microorganism balance essential for normal metabolic and immune function. Various lines of evidence suggest that dysregulation of the microbiota-host interaction is linked to pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Extracellular vesicles (EVs), found in virtually all body fluids and produced by both eukaryotic cells and bacteria are involved in cell-cell communication and crosstalk mechanisms, such as the immune response, barrier function and intestinal flora. This review highlights advancements in knowledge of the functional role that EVs may have in IBD and CRC, and discusses the possible use of EVs derived from intestinal microbiota in therapeutic strategies for treating these conditions.
人类肠道微生物组包括创造最佳宿主-微生物平衡所必需的无数细菌物种，这种平衡对于正常的代谢和免疫功能至关重要。各种证据表明，微生物群-宿主相互作用的失调与炎症性肠病（IBD）和结直肠癌（CRC）等疾病有关。细胞外囊泡（EVs）存在于几乎所有体液中，由真核细胞和细菌产生，参与细胞间通讯和串扰机制，如免疫反应、屏障功能和肠道菌群。本综述强调了 EVs 在 IBD 和 CRC 中可能具有的功能作用的知识进展，并讨论了源自肠道微生物群的 EVs 在治疗这些疾病的治疗策略中的可能用途。
