Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
Health Rep. 2021 Jul 21;32(7):11-26. doi: 10.25318/82-003-x202100700002-eng.
The objective of this study was to describe sex-specific hospitalization rates among Indigenous people in Canada (excluding Quebec), separately for First Nations people living on and off reserve, Inuit living in Inuit Nunangat (excluding Nunavik), Métis, and the non-Indigenous population.
The 2006 and 2011 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohorts (CanCHECs) were used, allowing hospital records to be examined by Indigenous identity as reported on the census. Five years of hospitalization data were used for each CanCHEC. Causes of hospitalization were based on the most responsible diagnosis and coded at the chapter level according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10-CA). Age-standardized hospitalization rates (ASHRs) were calculated per 100,000 population, and rate ratios (RRs) were calculated for each Indigenous group relative to non-Indigenous people.
ASHRs were higher among Indigenous people than among non-Indigenous people; this was true for females and males from both the 2006 and the 2011 cohorts. Hospitalization patterns varied by sex and Indigenous group. The greatest disparities with the non-Indigenous population were observed among on-reserve First Nations females and males from both cohorts. Elevated RRs were observed for diseases of the endocrine, nutritional and metabolic system among First Nations females and males living on reserve; hospitalizations for mental health among First Nations females and males living off reserve and Inuit males; and diseases of the respiratory system among Inuit females. For Métis females and males, equally elevated RRs were observed for diseases of the endocrine system and mental health. ASHRs for most causes decreased between the 2006 and 2011 cohorts, with the exception of ASHRs for mental health among First Nations females and males living on reserve, which increased.
Findings are consistent with recognized health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. Further research is warranted to understand reported differences in hospitalization patterns.
本研究旨在描述加拿大（魁北克除外）的原住民中，按居住在保留地内外的第一民族人、因纽特人（不包括努纳武特的努纳维克地区）、梅蒂斯人和非原住民人群，分别对其进行性别分类的住院率。
本研究使用了 2006 年和 2011 年加拿大人口普查健康和环境队列（CanCHECs）的数据，允许根据人口普查报告的原住民身份来查看住院记录。每个 CanCHEC 都使用了五年的住院数据。住院原因基于主要诊断，并根据《国际疾病分类（ICD-10-CA）》按章节进行编码。每 10 万人的年龄标准化住院率（ASHR）被计算出来，每个原住民群体相对于非原住民的比率比（RR）也被计算出来。
原住民的 ASHR 高于非原住民；这在 2006 年和 2011 年的两个队列中，女性和男性都是如此。住院模式因性别和原住民群体而异。与非原住民人群相比，最大的差异存在于 2006 年和 2011 年居住在保留地的第一民族女性和男性中。居住在保留地的第一民族女性和男性的内分泌、营养和代谢系统疾病、居住在保留地之外的第一民族女性和男性的心理健康、因纽特男性的呼吸系统疾病，RR 较高。对于梅蒂斯女性和男性，内分泌系统疾病和心理健康的 RR 同样较高。除了居住在保留地的第一民族女性和男性的心理健康住院率增加外，2006 年和 2011 年两个队列之间的大多数原因的 ASHR 都有所下降。
研究结果与原住民和非原住民之间公认的健康差距一致。需要进一步研究以了解报告的住院模式差异。
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