Quadagno J
Department of Sociology, Florida State University.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1987;25(3):239-46. doi: 10.2190/A0VT-A2U0-XJ8V-RKAP.
As the Social Security program in the United States emerged from the crisis of the 1970s with a solid set of reforms intended to guarantee the program's financial solvency into the twenty-first century, a new attack on the system arose in the form of debates centering around the relationship of the Social Security fund to the federal deficit. Conservative economists used concerns about the national economy as fuel for their own arguments that Social Security has negatively affected the economy and that heavier reliance should be placed on private sector benefits. This paper uses historical evidence to analyze how adequately private sector benefits functioned in the past. Among the conclusions reached are that the private sector failed to provide adequate protection for older citizens, and that benefits were inequitably distributed on the basis of gender and social class. Any tendency toward heavier reliance on the private sector for provisions for old age security would only exacerbate existing inequalities.
随着美国社会保障计划在20世纪70年代的危机后进行了一系列旨在确保该计划在21世纪财务偿付能力的稳健改革，一种针对该体系的新攻击以围绕社会保障基金与联邦赤字关系的辩论形式出现。保守派经济学家利用对国民经济的担忧作为论据，声称社会保障对经济产生了负面影响，应更多地依赖私营部门福利。本文运用历史证据分析过去私营部门福利的运作情况。得出的结论包括：私营部门未能为老年公民提供充分保护，福利在性别和社会阶层基础上分配不公。任何更倾向于依赖私营部门提供老年保障的趋势只会加剧现有的不平等。
