Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Aug;44(8):2515-2529. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-00892-4. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
As a well-known human carcinogen, arsenic (As) could pose various detrimental health effects to humans mainly through the exposure pathway of food ingestion. In comparison with other foods, rice can accumulate more arsenic due to its tissue specificity. Thus, it is of great significance to assess the health risk of As due to rice ingestion. However, the study on risk assessment from exposure to As in rice is still in an early stage and lack accuracy to date. In this study, after obtaining the rice exposure behavior patterns based on a questionnaire survey, a total of 160 rice samples, which consisted of 4 types (i.e., japonica, indica, glutinous and brown rice), rice from 4 areas and consumed by most of the population in Beijing, were collected. On the basis of the actual intake rate and the species weighted average concentration of consumed rice, average daily exposure dose and health risks of inorganic As (iAs) from rice ingestion were assessed for the population among different genders and ages in Beijing. The results show that japonica rice and rice from Northeast China had higher As content, with the same value of 0.064 mg kg. And, they were the most popular rice consumed by people, with the intake rates of 75.50 g d, and 67.91 g d, respectively. The proportion of iAs to total As (tAs) was 58.34%, with a range of 43.18-71.88%. The average daily dose of iAs for the population was 1.15 × 10, which mainly came from japonica rice and the rice from Northeast China ingestion. In comparison with the acceptable non-cancer risk, which had a HQ value of 0.38, the carcinogenic risk of the population in Beijing was 1.73 × 10 on average. Furthermore, males had higher carcinogenic risk (1.88 × 10) than females (1.62 × 10), and the people in the age of 45-55 suffered from the highest carcinogenic risk (2.22 × 10), which mainly was attributed to the japonica rice and the rice from Northeast China. This study strengthened that appropriate dietary patterns should be paid more attention in order to control the health risk due to As exposure.
作为一种已知的人类致癌物，砷（As）主要通过食物摄入途径对人类健康造成各种有害影响。与其他食物相比，由于组织特异性，大米可以积累更多的砷。因此，评估因摄入大米而导致的砷健康风险具有重要意义。然而，目前对基于摄入大米的砷暴露风险评估的研究仍处于早期阶段，并且缺乏准确性。在这项研究中，在基于问卷调查获得大米暴露行为模式后，共采集了 160 个大米样本，包括 4 种类型（即籼稻、粳稻、糯稻和糙米）、来自 4 个地区的大米，这些大米是北京大部分人群所消费的。基于实际摄入量和食用大米的物种加权平均浓度，评估了北京不同性别和年龄段人群通过摄入大米摄入无机砷（iAs）的日均暴露剂量和健康风险。结果表明，东北大米和籼稻的砷含量较高，均为 0.064mg/kg。而且，它们是人们最常食用的大米，摄入量分别为 75.50g/d 和 67.91g/d。iAs 占总砷（tAs）的比例为 58.34%，范围为 43.18-71.88%。人群的 iAs 日均剂量为 1.15×10，主要来自于摄入籼稻和东北大米。与可接受的非致癌风险（HQ 值为 0.38）相比，北京人群的致癌风险平均为 1.73×10。此外，男性的致癌风险（1.88×10）高于女性（1.62×10），45-55 岁人群的致癌风险最高（2.22×10），这主要归因于摄入籼稻和东北大米。这项研究加强了人们对适当饮食模式的重视，以控制因砷暴露而导致的健康风险。
