Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.
Environ Int. 2011 Oct;37(7):1219-25. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.05.007. Epub 2011 May 31.
Even moderate arsenic exposure may lead to health problems, and thus quantifying inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure from food for different population groups in China is essential. By analyzing the data from the China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS) and collecting reported values of iAs in major food groups, we developed a framework of calculating average iAs daily intake for different regions of China. Based on this framework, cancer risks from iAs in food was deterministically and probabilistically quantified. The article presents estimates for health risk due to the ingestion of food products contaminated with arsenic. Both per individual and for total population estimates were obtained. For the total population, daily iAs intake is around 42 μg day(-1), and rice is the largest contributor of total iAs intake accounting for about 60%. Incremental lifetime cancer risk from food iAs intake is 106 per 100,000 for adult individuals and the median population cancer risk is 177 per 100,000 varying between regions. Population in the Southern region has a higher cancer risk than that in the Northern region and the total population. Sensitive analysis indicated that cancer slope factor, ingestion rates of rice, aquatic products and iAs concentration in rice were the most relevant variables in the model, as indicated by their higher contribution to variance of the incremental lifetime cancer risk. We conclude that rice may be the largest contributor of iAs through food route for the Chinese people. The population from the South has greater cancer risk than that from the North and the whole population.
即使是适度的砷暴露也可能导致健康问题，因此，定量评估中国不同人群从食物中摄入无机砷（iAs）至关重要。通过分析中国营养与健康调查（CNNHS）的数据并收集主要食物组中 iAs 的报告值，我们开发了一种计算中国不同地区平均 iAs 日摄入量的框架。在此框架基础上，对食物中 iAs 致癌风险进行了确定性和概率性量化。本文介绍了因摄入砷污染食品而产生的健康风险估计值。本文提供了针对个体和总人口的估计值。对于总人口，iAs 的日摄入量约为 42μg/天，而大米是总 iAs 摄入量的最大贡献者，约占 60%。从食物中摄入 iAs 导致的终生癌症风险增量为每 10 万人中有 106 例，中位数人群癌症风险为每 10 万人中有 177 例，风险在不同地区之间存在差异。南方地区的人口比北方地区和总人口的癌症风险更高。敏感性分析表明，癌症斜率因子、大米、水产品的摄入量和大米中 iAs 的浓度是模型中最相关的变量，因为它们对增量终生癌症风险的方差有更高的贡献。我们得出结论，大米可能是中国人通过食物途径摄入 iAs 的最大来源。南方地区的人口比北方地区和总人口的癌症风险更高。
