Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, India.
Electron Beam Processing Section, IRAD, BARC, BRIT-BARC Complex, Sector-20 M, Vashim Navi, Mumbai, 400705, India.
Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Oct 1;269:117763. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117763. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
The presence of polyfunctional ligands on the bio-macromolecules acts as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metal ions. Starch is one of the most abundant, easily available and cheap biopolymer of plant origin. However, native starch exhibits significantly low adsorption capacity due to the absence of some essential functional groups like carboxyl, amino or ester groups and is thus modified using various reaction routes like grafting, cross-linking, esterification, oxidation and irradiation for addition of functional groups to increase its adsorption capacity. The present review provides a comprehensive discussion on the above mentioned modification schemes of starch over the last 10-15 years highlighting their preparation methods, physico-chemical characteristics along with their adsorption capacities and mechanisms of heavy metal ions from water.
生物大分子上多官能团的存在起到重金属离子有效吸附剂的作用。淀粉是一种最丰富、易得且廉价的植物来源的生物聚合物。然而，由于天然淀粉缺乏一些必要的功能基团，如羧基、氨基或酯基，其吸附能力显著较低，因此使用各种反应途径（如接枝、交联、酯化、氧化和辐射）进行修饰，以增加其功能基团的数量，从而提高其吸附能力。本综述提供了过去 10-15 年中关于淀粉的上述修饰方案的全面讨论，重点介绍了它们的制备方法、物理化学特性以及从水中吸附重金属离子的能力和机制。
