Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Jul 6;11:704099. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.704099. eCollection 2021.
Group A is an obligate human pathogen that is a major cause of infectious morbidity and mortality. It has a natural tropism for the oropharynx and skin, where it causes infections with excessive inflammation due to its expression of proinflammatory toxins and other virulence factors. Inflammation directly contributes to the severity of invasive infections, toxic shock syndrome, and the induction of severe post-infection autoimmune disease caused by autoreactive antibodies. This review discusses what is known about how the virulence factors of Group A induce inflammation and how this inflammation can promote disease. Understanding of streptococcal pathogenesis and the role of hyper-immune activation during infection may provide new therapeutic targets to treat the often-fatal outcome of severe disease.
A 组链球菌是一种专性人类病原体，是传染性发病率和死亡率的主要原因。它对口咽和皮肤具有天然的趋向性，在这些部位，由于其表达促炎毒素和其他毒力因子，导致过度炎症的感染。炎症直接导致侵袭性感染、中毒性休克综合征和由自身反应性抗体引起的严重感染后自身免疫性疾病的严重程度增加。这篇综述讨论了 A 组链球菌的毒力因子如何诱导炎症，以及这种炎症如何促进疾病的发生。对链球菌发病机制的理解以及感染期间过度免疫激活的作用，可能为治疗严重疾病经常导致的致命后果提供新的治疗靶点。
