Center for Gender Identity, Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021 Oct;100(10):1800-1805. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14227. Epub 2021 Jul 22.
The number of persons with gender incongruence referred to health care is increasing, but national data on the incidence of gender incongruence are lacking. The aim of this study was to quantify the development in number of individuals with gender incongruence over time and to estimate the national incidence in Denmark.
Historical descriptive cohort study. Individuals older than 18 years with legal sex-change in their person registration number were achieved from Statistics Denmark, and the National Health Register provided data on contact diagnoses related to gender-identity conditions. By combining these two data sources, we made estimates on incidence and incidence rates for individuals with gender incongruence in Denmark through a 41-year period 1980-2020.
Through 1980-2020, the annual number of legal sex-changes increased in individuals assigned female at birth from 5 to approximately 170 and among individuals assigned male at birth from 10 to approximately 150. The cumulative number of legal sex-changes at the end of 2019 was 1275 assigned female at birth and 1422 assigned male at birth and 66% of the legal sex-changes were in individuals below 30 years. Correspondingly, the annual number of contacts with the healthcare system due for gender-identity-related conditions increased from 30 during 1990-1999 to around 500 in 2017 (both genders combined), with a 10-fold increase from 2010 to 2017.
The number of legal sex-changes and healthcare contacts due to gender-identity-related diagnoses increased substantially over the last 40 years with a more than 10-fold increase during the last decade. This calls for research on possible explanations for this increase, for research on the short-term and long-term health consequences of hormonal and surgical treatment regimens and for ensuring adequate healthcare facilities.
寻求医疗保健的性别不一致人数正在增加，但缺乏全国范围内性别不一致发病率的数据。本研究旨在定量分析随时间推移性别不一致人数的发展，并估计丹麦的全国发病率。
历史描述性队列研究。从丹麦统计局获得了个人登记号码中合法性别变更的年龄在 18 岁以上的个体，并从国家健康登记处获得了与性别认同状况相关的接触诊断数据。通过结合这两个数据源，我们通过 1980 年至 2020 年的 41 年期间，对丹麦性别不一致个体的发病率和发病率进行了估计。
通过 1980 年至 2020 年，出生时被分配为女性的个体的合法性别变更数量从每年 5 例增加到大约 170 例，出生时被分配为男性的个体的合法性别变更数量从每年 10 例增加到大约 150 例。截至 2019 年底，1275 名出生时被分配为女性的个体和 1422 名出生时被分配为男性的个体进行了合法性别变更，其中 66%的合法性别变更发生在 30 岁以下的个体中。相应地，由于性别认同相关疾病而与医疗保健系统接触的人数从 1990-1999 年的每年 30 人增加到 2017 年（两性合计）的约 500 人，从 2010 年到 2017 年增加了 10 倍。
在过去的 40 年中，合法性别变更和因性别认同相关诊断而产生的医疗保健接触数量大幅增加，在过去十年中增加了 10 倍以上。这需要研究这种增加的可能原因，研究激素和手术治疗方案的短期和长期健康后果，并确保有足够的医疗保健设施。
