Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92129, USA.
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2021 Dec;49(12):1623-1634. doi: 10.1007/s10802-021-00832-x. Epub 2021 Jul 23.
Screen media use is associated with mental health problems among adolescents. However, few studies have examined screen media use using contemporaneous time diaries (rather than retrospective reports), compared associations across specific screen media activities or by gender, or examined associations with self-harm behaviors. Participants were 13- to 15-year-old adolescents completing time diaries (n = 4,252) for one weekday and one weekend day in the 2015 administration of the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative birth cohort study of UK adolescents. Participants also completed a measure of depressive symptoms and reported whether they had engaged in self-harm in the last year. Girls who spent 2 + hrs/day, compared to < 2 h/day, on digital media were more likely to self-harm (for social media use, adjusted relative risk [ARR] for self-harm = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.17, 1.82; for internet use, ARR = 1.80 [1.20, 2.70]). Girls spending more time on digital media were also more likely to be depressed (for social media, ARR = 1.29 [1.03, 1.63]; for internet use, ARR = 1.75 [1.19, 2.59]). Associations with gaming, texting/e-mailing, and TV/video watching among girls were mostly not significant. Associations for boys were mostly not significant. Girls who use digital media (especially social media and the internet) more hrs/day are more likely to have clinically significant levels of depressive symptoms and prior history of self-harm, though gaming, texting/e-mailing, and TV/video watching showed few associations. Screen media use was mostly not significantly associated with self-harm or depression among boys.
屏幕媒体的使用与青少年的心理健康问题有关。然而，很少有研究使用同期时间日记（而不是回顾性报告）来比较特定屏幕媒体活动之间的关联，或者按性别进行比较，或者检查与自我伤害行为的关联。参与者是在 2015 年千禧年队列研究中完成时间日记（n=4252）的 13 至 15 岁青少年，该研究是一项针对英国青少年的全国代表性出生队列研究。参与者还完成了一项抑郁症状的测量，并报告了他们在过去一年中是否有过自我伤害行为。与每天看屏幕少于 2 小时的女孩相比，每天看屏幕 2 小时以上的女孩更有可能进行自我伤害（对于社交媒体使用，自我伤害的调整相对风险 [ARR] = 1.46，95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.17, 1.82；对于互联网使用，ARR = 1.80 [1.20, 2.70]）。花更多时间在数字媒体上的女孩也更有可能感到沮丧（对于社交媒体，ARR = 1.29 [1.03, 1.63]；对于互联网使用，ARR = 1.75 [1.19, 2.59]）。对于女孩来说，与玩游戏、发短信/电子邮件和看电视/视频的关联大多不显著。对于男孩来说，这些关联大多不显著。每天使用数字媒体（尤其是社交媒体和互联网）更多小时的女孩更有可能出现临床显著水平的抑郁症状和之前的自我伤害史，尽管玩游戏、发短信/电子邮件和看电视/视频的关联很少。对于男孩来说，屏幕媒体的使用与自我伤害或抑郁的关联大多不显著。
