Basu Alakananda, Lambring Christoffer Briggs
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jul 9;13(14):3445. doi: 10.3390/cancers13143445.
Akt, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), belongs to the AGC family of protein kinases. It acts downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and regulates diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell survival, metabolism, tumor growth and metastasis. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is frequently deregulated in breast cancer and plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. There are three closely related members in the Akt family, namely Akt1(PKBα), Akt2(PKBβ) and Akt3(PKBγ). Although Akt isoforms share similar structures, they exhibit redundant, distinct as well as opposite functions. While the Akt signaling pathway is an important target for cancer therapy, an understanding of the isoform-specific function of Akt is critical to effectively target this pathway. However, our perception regarding how Akt isoforms contribute to the genesis and progression of breast cancer changes as we gain new knowledge. The purpose of this review article is to analyze current literatures on distinct functions of Akt isoforms in breast cancer.
Akt，也被称为蛋白激酶B（PKB），属于蛋白激酶的AGC家族。它在磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3K）的下游发挥作用，调节多种细胞过程，包括细胞增殖、细胞存活、代谢、肿瘤生长和转移。PI3K/Akt信号通路在乳腺癌中经常失调，在乳腺癌的发生和发展中起重要作用。Akt家族有三个密切相关的成员，即Akt1（PKBα）、Akt2（PKBβ）和Akt3（PKBγ）。虽然Akt亚型具有相似的结构，但它们表现出冗余、不同以及相反的功能。虽然Akt信号通路是癌症治疗的重要靶点，但了解Akt亚型特异性功能对于有效靶向该通路至关重要。然而，随着我们获得新知识，我们对Akt亚型如何促进乳腺癌发生和发展的认识也在发生变化。这篇综述文章的目的是分析当前关于Akt亚型在乳腺癌中不同功能的文献。
