González-Estevez Guillermo, Turrubiates-Hernández Francisco Javier, Herrera-Jiménez Laura Elena, Sánchez-Zuno Gabriela Athziri, Herrera-Godina Melva Guadalupe, Muñoz-Valle José Francisco
Institute of Research in Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Edificio Q, 950 Sierra Mojada, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico.
COVID-19 Situation Room (Analysis Group), University Center of Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 7;18(14):7266. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147266.
One of the micronutrients that has attracted the most attention in relation to COVID-19 is vitamin D. Although several factors affect its sufficiency; it has been argued that an optimal diet can ensure the intake of micronutrients with effects on immune response. Therefore, in this work we aimed to evaluate the food intake quality of SARS-CoV-2 positive Mexican patients and some of the common factors related to vitamin D deficiency. We conducted a cross-sectional study in 40 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. Serum samples and clinical parameters were collected. Micronutrient intake and food intake quality were assessed with a 24-h dietary recall and the Mini-ECCA v.2, respectively. Thirty-eight percent of the sample had a healthy food intake. The median 25(OH)D concentration was 22.7 ng/mL. A considerable insufficient intake of micronutrients with immunomodulatory effects such as vitamin D ( < 0.0001), vitamin E ( < 0.0001), and zinc ( < 0.0001) was shown. Patients with 25(OH)D sufficiency, defined as a concentration >30 ng/mL, had better food intake quality ( = 0.02) and an intense physical activity ( = 0.03). In conclusion, a better level of food intake quality and intense physical activity are associated with 25(OH)D sufficiency in SARS-CoV-2 positive Mexican patients.
与新冠病毒相关的最受关注的微量营养素之一是维生素D。尽管有几个因素会影响其充足性，但有人认为，最佳饮食可以确保摄入对免疫反应有影响的微量营养素。因此，在这项研究中，我们旨在评估新冠病毒检测呈阳性的墨西哥患者的食物摄入质量以及与维生素D缺乏相关的一些常见因素。我们对40名新冠病毒检测呈阳性的患者进行了一项横断面研究。采集了血清样本和临床参数。分别通过24小时饮食回顾和Mini-ECCA v.2评估微量营养素摄入量和食物摄入质量。38%的样本具有健康的食物摄入。25(OH)D浓度中位数为22.7 ng/mL。结果显示，维生素D（<0.0001）、维生素E（<0.0001）和锌（<0.0001）等具有免疫调节作用的微量营养素摄入量严重不足。25(OH)D充足（定义为浓度>30 ng/mL）的患者具有更好的食物摄入质量（P = 0.02）和高强度的体力活动（P = 0.03）。总之，在新冠病毒检测呈阳性的墨西哥患者中，更好的食物摄入质量水平和高强度的体力活动与25(OH)D充足有关。
