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青少年(U14)男性足球运动员比赛中的动作分析及位置、竞技水平和情境变量的影响。

Motion Analysis of Match Play in U14 Male Soccer Players and the Influence of Position, Competitive Level and Contextual Variables.

机构信息

Campus Bergen, NLA University College, 5812 Bergen, Norway.

Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Campus Bergen, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 5020 Bergen, Norway.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 7;18(14):7287. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147287.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate match running performance in U14 male soccer players in Norway, and the influence of position, competitive level and contextual factors on running performance. Locomotion was monitored in 64 different U14 players during 23 official matches. Matches were played at two different competitive levels: U14 elite level ( = 7) and U14 sub-elite level ( = 16). The inclusion criterion was completed match halves played in the same playing position. The variables' influence on match running performance was assessed using mixed-effect models, pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction, and effect size. The results showed that the U14 players, on average, moved 7645 ± 840 m during a match, of which 1730 ± 681 m (22.6%) included high-intensity running (HIR, 13.5-18.5 km·h) and sprinting (>18.5 km·h). Wide midfielders (WM) and fullbacks (FB) covered the greatest sprint distance (569 ± 40 m) and, in addition to the centre midfield position (CM), also covered the greatest total distance (TD) (8014 ± 140 m) and HIR distance (1446 ± 64 m). Centre forwards (CF) performed significantly more accelerations (49.5 ± 3.8) compared other positions. TD (7952 ± 120 m vs. 7590 ± 94 m) and HIR (1432 ± 57 m vs. 1236 ± 43 m) were greater in U14 elite-level matches compared with sub-elite matches. Greater TD and sprint distances were performed in home matches, but, on the other hand, more accelerations and decelerations were performed in matches played away or in neutral locations. Significantly higher TD, HIR and sprinting distances were also found in lost or drawn matches. In conclusion, physical performance during matches is highly related to playing position, and wide positions seem to be the most physically demanding. Further, competitive level and contextual match variables are associated with players' running performance.

摘要

本研究旨在调查挪威 U14 男足球员的比赛跑动表现,以及位置、竞技水平和情境因素对跑动表现的影响。在 23 场正式比赛中,对 64 名不同的 U14 球员进行了运动监测。比赛在两个不同的竞技水平上进行:U14 精英水平(n = 7)和 U14 次精英水平(n = 16)。入选标准是在相同的比赛位置上完成比赛半场。使用混合效应模型、Bonferroni 校正的成对比较和效应大小评估变量对比赛跑动表现的影响。结果表明,U14 球员在一场比赛中平均移动 7645 ± 840 m,其中 1730 ± 681 m(22.6%)包括高强度跑动(HIR,13.5-18.5 km·h)和冲刺(>18.5 km·h)。边前卫(WM)和边后卫(FB)的冲刺距离最长(569 ± 40 m),除了中前卫位置(CM)外,总跑动距离(TD)(8014 ± 140 m)和 HIR 距离(1446 ± 64 m)也最长。中锋(CF)的加速次数(49.5 ± 3.8)明显多于其他位置。与次精英水平比赛相比,U14 精英水平比赛的 TD(7952 ± 120 m 比 7590 ± 94 m)和 HIR(1432 ± 57 m 比 1236 ± 43 m)更大。主场比赛的 TD 和冲刺距离更大,但另一方面,客场或中立场地比赛的加速和减速次数更多。在输球或平局的比赛中,TD、HIR 和冲刺距离也明显更高。总之,比赛中的身体表现与比赛位置高度相关,而边路位置似乎对体能的要求最高。此外,竞技水平和情境比赛变量与球员的跑动表现有关。

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