转录因子动力学和染色质组织中的相分离。
Phase separation in transcription factor dynamics and chromatin organization.
机构信息
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA; Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2021 Dec;71:148-155. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2021.06.009. Epub 2021 Jul 22.
Studies over the past decade have highlighted the key role of liquid-liquid phase separation in cellular organization and function. Dynamic compartmentalization of transcription factors and coactivators by such phase-separated condensates regulates the assembly of transcriptional machinery at genomic loci. Although rapid advances in microscopy have demonstrated the ubiquity of such condensates, a rigorous characterization of the physics of phase separation in transcription remains to be carried out. In this review, we discuss theoretical and experimental evidence for biomolecular condensates as dynamic regulators of transcription. Looking beyond, we highlight functional consequences for transcription factor dynamics and gene expression and discuss potential pitfalls of misclassifying biomolecular condensates as liquid droplets in the absence of a rigorous physical description.
过去十年的研究强调了液-液相分离在细胞组织和功能中的关键作用。转录因子和共激活因子通过这种相分离凝聚物的动态分隔来调节基因组位置转录机器的组装。尽管显微镜的快速发展已经证明了这种凝聚物的普遍性，但在转录中相分离的物理特性的严格表征仍有待进行。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了生物分子凝聚物作为转录动态调节剂的理论和实验证据。展望未来，我们强调了转录因子动力学和基因表达的功能后果，并讨论了在没有严格物理描述的情况下将生物分子凝聚物错误分类为液滴的潜在陷阱。
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