Ahlawat Neetika, Geeta Arun Manas, Maggu Komal, Prasad Nagaraj Guru
Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Mohali India.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Jun 22;11(14):9563-9574. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7774. eCollection 2021 Jul.
Multiple laboratory studies have evolved hosts against a nonevolving pathogen to address questions about evolution of immune responses. However, an ecologically more relevant scenario is one where hosts and pathogens can coevolve. Such coevolution between the antagonists, depending on the mutual selection pressure and additive variance in the respective populations, can potentially lead to a different pattern of evolution in the hosts compared to a situation where the host evolves against a nonevolving pathogen. In the present study, we used as the host and as the pathogen. We let the host populations either evolve against a nonevolving pathogen or coevolve with the same pathogen. We found that the coevolving hosts on average evolved higher survivorship against the coevolving pathogen and ancestral (nonevolving) pathogen relative to the hosts evolving against a nonevolving pathogen. The coevolving pathogens evolved greater ability to induce host mortality even in nonlocal (novel) hosts compared to infection by an ancestral (nonevolving) pathogen. Thus, our results clearly show that the evolved traits in the host and the pathogen under coevolution can be different from one-sided adaptation. In addition, our results also show that the coevolving host-pathogen interactions can involve certain general mechanisms in the pathogen, leading to increased mortality induction in nonlocal or novel hosts.
多项实验室研究培育了宿主对抗非进化病原体，以解决有关免疫反应进化的问题。然而，一个生态上更相关的情景是宿主和病原体能够共同进化。这种在拮抗者之间的共同进化，取决于各自种群中的相互选择压力和加性方差，与宿主对抗非进化病原体的情况相比，可能会导致宿主出现不同的进化模式。在本研究中，我们使用 作为宿主，使用 作为病原体。我们让宿主种群要么对抗非进化病原体进化，要么与同一种病原体共同进化。我们发现，相对于对抗非进化病原体进化的宿主，共同进化的宿主平均而言对共同进化的病原体和祖先（非进化）病原体进化出了更高的存活率。与被祖先（非进化）病原体感染相比，共同进化的病原体即使在非本地（新的）宿主中也进化出了更强的诱导宿主死亡的能力。因此，我们的结果清楚地表明，共同进化下宿主和病原体中进化出的性状可能不同于单向适应。此外，我们的结果还表明，共同进化的宿主 - 病原体相互作用可能涉及病原体中的某些一般机制，导致在非本地或新宿主中诱导死亡率增加。
