Nzietchueng Serge, Kambarage Dominic, Rwego Innocent B, Mfinanga Sayoki G, Mbonye Anthony, Mutonga David, Kaboyo Winyi, Makumbi Issa, Muriuki Samuel, Casimir Ndongo, Mduma Stephen, Makasi Charles, Kitua Andrew Y
One Health Division, Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
USAID/EPT-2 Preparedness and Response Project.
East Afr Health Res J. 2019;3(1):79-84. doi: 10.24248/EAHRJ-D-19-00019. Epub 2019 Jul 30.
The 2014 Ebola outbreak reminded us of the importance of preparedness for addressing health security threats. Learning from this experience, we aim to (1) enhance the understanding of preparedness by policy and decision makers, (2) discuss opportunities for Africa to invest in the prevention of health security threats, (3) highlight the value of investing in preventing health security threats, and (4) propose innovations to enhance investments for the prevention or containment of health security threats at the source.
We used observations of governments' attitudes towards investing in preparedness for health security prevention or containment at the source. We conducted a literature review through PubMed, the World Wide Web, and Mendeley using the keywords: "health emergency financing", "investing in health threats prevention", and "stopping outbreaks at the source".
Countries in sub-Saharan Africa invest inadequately towards building and maintaining critical capacities for preventing, detecting, and containing outbreaks at the source. Global health security emergency funding schemes target responses to outbreaks but neglect their prevention. Governments are not absorbing and maintaining adequately capacity built through GHS, World Bank, and development aid projects - a lost opportunity for building and retaining outbreak prevention capacity.
Governments should (1) allocate adequate national budgets for health honouring the Abuja and related commitments; (2) own and maintain capacities developed through International Development Aids, OH networks, research consortia and projects; (3) establish a regional health security threats prevention fund. The global community and scientists should (1) consider broadening existing health emergency funds to finance the prevention and containment outbreaks at the source and (2) Strengthen economic analyses and case studies as incentives for governments' budget allocations to prevent health security threats.
2014年埃博拉疫情爆发让我们认识到应对卫生安全威胁时做好准备的重要性。吸取这一经验教训后，我们旨在：（1）增进政策制定者和决策者对防范准备工作的理解；（2）探讨非洲投资预防卫生安全威胁的机会；（3）强调投资预防卫生安全威胁的价值；（4）提出创新举措，以增加源头预防或遏制卫生安全威胁的投资。
我们观察了各国政府对投资源头预防或遏制卫生安全防范准备工作的态度。我们通过PubMed、万维网和Mendeley进行文献综述，使用的关键词为：“卫生应急融资”、“投资预防卫生威胁”和“源头阻止疫情爆发”。
撒哈拉以南非洲国家在建设和维持预防、发现及源头遏制疫情的关键能力方面投资不足。全球卫生安全应急资金计划侧重于应对疫情爆发，却忽视了预防工作。各国政府未能充分吸收和维持通过全球卫生安全、世界银行及发展援助项目所建立的能力——这是建设和保留疫情预防能力的一个错失的机会。
各国政府应：（1）根据阿布贾宣言及相关承诺，为卫生领域划拨充足的国家预算；（2）自主并维持通过国际发展援助、卫生网络、研究联盟及项目所建立的能力；（3）设立区域卫生安全威胁预防基金。国际社会和科学家应：（1）考虑扩大现有卫生应急基金，为源头预防和遏制疫情提供资金；（2）加强经济分析和案例研究，以此激励各国政府进行预算分配，预防卫生安全威胁。
