发达国家和发展中国家护士压力源、倦怠与离职相关因素的跨国比较。
Cross-national comparison of factors related to stressors, burnout and turnover among nurses in developed and developing countries.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hyogo University, Kakogawa, Japan.
Department of Nursing, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
出版信息
Nurs Open. 2021 Sep;8(5):2439-2451. doi: 10.1002/nop2.1002. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
AIM
To examine factors of a hypothetical model related to stressors, burnout and turnover in nurses from developed and developing countries-Canada, Japan, the United States, Malaysia and Thailand.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study.
METHODS
Conducted between April 2016 and October 2017, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Intention to Leave Scale, and Nursing Stress Scale collected data from acute care hospital nurses in Canada (n = 309), Japan (n = 319), Malaysia (n = 242), Thailand (n = 211) and the United States (n = 194).
RESULTS
Compared to other countries, burnout "exhaustion" was the highest in Japan and "cynicism" and intention to leave the job were the highest in Malaysia. Thailand had lower burnouts and turnover than other countries and higher professional efficacy than Japan and Malaysia. In all countries, reducing stressors is important for reducing burnout and intention to leave jobs, especially as they relate to "lack of support."
目的
检验与应激源、倦怠和护士离职相关的假设模型的因素，该研究对象来自发达国家和发展中国家，包括加拿大、日本、美国、马来西亚和泰国。
设计
一项基于横断面问卷调查的研究。
方法
该研究于 2016 年 4 月至 2017 年 10 月进行，共收集了来自加拿大（n=309）、日本（n=319）、马来西亚（n=242）、泰国（n=211）和美国（n=194）急性护理医院护士的 Maslach 倦怠量表、离职意向量表和护理压力量表的数据。
结果
与其他国家相比，日本护士的倦怠“疲惫”程度最高，马来西亚护士的“愤世嫉俗”和离职意向最高。与其他国家相比，泰国的倦怠和离职率较低，职业效能感较高，且高于日本和马来西亚。在所有国家，减少应激源对于减轻倦怠和离职意向都很重要，尤其是与“缺乏支持”相关的应激源。
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