College of Nursing, Walden University, 100 Washington Avenue South, Suite 1210, Minneapolis, MN 55401, USA.
Emerita Johns Hopkins University, School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2022 Mar;57(1):29-51. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2021.11.003. Epub 2022 Feb 8.
Nurse burnout is a serious global problem that is associated with adverse job factors. In this article, research on burnout as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory is reviewed from 2000 to 2019, specifically analyzing job factors associated with nurse burnout and comparing US with international findings. Most of the reviewed articles found a significant relationship between nurse burnout and a nurse's intention to leave their job, job stress, nurse satisfaction, and workplace violence. There were very few articles reporting on research done in the United States, whereas most of them described international research. Recommendations on how to decrease the risk of nurse burnout are summarized.
护士职业倦怠是一个严重的全球性问题，与不良工作因素有关。本文回顾了 2000 年至 2019 年期间，使用马氏职业倦怠量表（Maslach Burnout Inventory）衡量的职业倦怠研究，具体分析了与护士职业倦怠相关的工作因素，并将美国与国际研究进行了比较。大多数综述文章发现，护士职业倦怠与护士离职意愿、工作压力、护士满意度和工作场所暴力之间存在显著关系。很少有文章报告美国的研究，而大多数文章描述的是国际研究。总结了如何降低护士职业倦怠风险的建议。
