Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2021 Jul 23;54:e00172021. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0017-2021. eCollection 2021.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death worldwide caused by a single infectious disease agent. Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) account for more than half of the world's TB cases. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains the only vaccine available despite its variable efficacy. Promising antigen-based vaccines have been proposed as prophylactic and/or immunotherapeutic approaches to boost BCG vaccination. Relevant antigens must interact with the range of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules present in target populations; yet this information is currently not available.
MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for articles published during 2013-2020 to measure the allelic frequencies of HLA-DRB1 in the BRICS.
In total, 67 articles involving 3,207,861 healthy individuals were included in the meta-analysis. HLA-DRB1 alleles *03, *04, *07, *11, *13, and *15 were consistently identified at high frequencies across the BRICS, with a combined estimated frequency varying from 52% to 80%. HLA-DRB1 alleles *01, *08, *09, *10, *12, and *14 were found to be relevant in only one or two BRICS populations.
By combining these alleles, it is possible to ensure at least 80% coverage throughout the BRICS populations.
结核病（TB）是由单一传染病病原体引起的全球首要致死病因。巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非（BRICS）占全球结核病病例的一半以上。卡介苗（BCG）仍然是唯一可用的疫苗，尽管其效力存在差异。有前途的基于抗原的疫苗已被提议作为预防和/或免疫治疗方法，以增强 BCG 疫苗接种。相关抗原必须与目标人群中存在的一系列人类白细胞抗原（HLA）分子相互作用；然而，目前尚无此信息。
系统检索了 2013 年至 2020 年期间发表的 MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 文章，以衡量 BRICS 中 HLA-DRB1 的等位基因频率。
共有 67 篇涉及 3207861 名健康个体的文章纳入荟萃分析。HLA-DRB1 等位基因*03、*04、*07、11、13 和15 在 BRICS 中始终以高频率出现，联合估计频率从 52%到 80%不等。HLA-DRB1 等位基因01、*08、*09、*10、12 和14 仅在一个或两个 BRICS 人群中具有相关性。
通过组合这些等位基因，可以确保在 BRICS 人群中至少有 80%的覆盖率。
