Wang Jingxi, Zhou Wenwen, Wu Yan, Dai Hongwei, Zhou Jianping
Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Orthod Craniofac Res. 2022 May;25(2):174-182. doi: 10.1111/ocr.12523. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
To evaluate the morphometric changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior alveolar bone after orthodontic treatment and retention for 18-24 months by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Thirty-four adolescent patients (12 males and 22 females; mean age: 14.29 ± 1.24 years) diagnosed with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion and with extractions of the 4 first premolars were included.
The labial and lingual (palatal) alveolar bone thickness, height and root length of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were assessed using CBCT imaging at the pre-treatment (T1), post-treatment (T2) and retention phases (T3). Voxel-based superimpositions of the T2 and T3 images were performed, and the distances of incisal and apical movement between T2 and T3 were measured to determine whether relapses occurred.
After orthodontic treatment, the labial and lingual (palatal) bone height decreased significantly (P < .05) and the labial thickness at the crestal (L1), midroot (L2), and apical levels (L3) had no significant change, while the lingual (palatal) bone thickness at all three levels decreased significantly (P < .05). After 18-24 months of retention, the lingual (palatal) height and the lingual (palatal) thickness at the crestal (L1) level increased significantly (P < .05). There were no obvious incisal and apical movements of the anterior teeth between T2 and T3 (P > .05), indicating that no relapses occurred.
Even though lingual (palatal) alveolar loss occurred due to the orthodontic treatment, the cervical alveolar bone seemed to recover over time. Therefore, appropriate camouflage treatment can be used in patients with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion, and this treatment will not irreversibly deteriorate periodontal health and affect the orthodontic treatment stability.
通过锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）评估正畸治疗及保持18 - 24个月后上颌和下颌前牙区牙槽骨的形态学变化。
纳入34例诊断为双颌牙牙槽突前突且拔除4颗第一前磨牙的青少年患者（12例男性，22例女性；平均年龄：14.29 ± 1.24岁）。
在治疗前（T1）、治疗后（T2）及保持阶段（T3）使用CBCT成像评估上颌和下颌前牙唇侧及舌侧（腭侧）牙槽骨厚度、高度和牙根长度。对T2和T3图像进行基于体素的叠加，并测量T2和T3之间切牙和根尖移动的距离，以确定是否发生复发。
正畸治疗后，唇侧和舌侧（腭侧）骨高度显著降低（P <.05），牙槽嵴顶（L1）、牙根中部（L2）和根尖水平（L3）的唇侧厚度无显著变化，而所有三个水平的舌侧（腭侧）骨厚度均显著降低（P <.05）。保持18 - 24个月后，舌侧（腭侧）高度及牙槽嵴顶（L1）水平的舌侧（腭侧）厚度显著增加（P <.05）。T2和T3之间前牙无明显的切牙和根尖移动（P >.05），表明未发生复发。
尽管正畸治疗导致舌侧（腭侧）牙槽骨吸收，但随着时间推移，牙槽骨颈部似乎会恢复。因此，双颌牙牙槽突前突患者可采用适当的掩饰性治疗，且该治疗不会不可逆地损害牙周健康并影响正畸治疗稳定性。
